贵州低热河谷地区柠檬品种的生态适应性评价

Evaluation of Ecological Adaptability of Lemon Varieties in Guizhou Low Heat Valley Area

为丰富贵州省柑橘品种类型,对8个引进柠檬品种分别在贵州省惠水县、毕节市、锦屏县、镇宁县及罗甸县等低热河谷地区进行引种试验示范研究,分析其丰产性、生长发育特征、果实外观品质、内在品质等指标。结果表明:8个引进柠檬品种的单果重和产量分别为85.34~283.55 g和236.80~1221.00 kg/667m^2;果肉可溶性固形物含量、Vc含量和出汁率分别为7.3%~8.8%、0.70~1.28 mg/g和33%~46%,各产地和各品种间差异不大;可滴定酸含量差异较大,含量为3.92~67.27 mg/g,相差17.16倍。除木里柠檬果形为扁圆形外,其他均为长椭圆形;成熟果实果皮为浅黄色;除甜柠檬口感清甜外,其他品种口感均为极酸;8个柠檬品种在贵州省黔南州惠水县、罗甸县,黔东南州锦屏县,毕节市清水铺镇及安顺市镇宁县的示范生产中均未出现明显冻害,各品种生态适应性较好。试验点所在区域均适宜8个引种柠檬的栽培。

In order to enrich the types of citrus varieties in Guizhou Province,eight introduced lemon varieties were employed to conduct the introduction experiment demonstration in Huishui County,Bijie City,Jinping County,Zhenning County and Luodian County,and their high yield,growth and development characteristics,fruit appearance quality,internal quality and other indexes were analyzed.Results:The single fruit weight and yield of eight introduced lemon varieties were 85.34-283.55 g and 236.80-1221.00 kg/667m^2,respectively;The soluble solids content,Vc content and juice yield of flesh were 7.3%-8.8%,0.70-1.28 mg/g and 33%-46%,respectively,and there was no significant difference between different producing areas and varieties.The content of titratable acid varied greatly in the range of 3.92-67.27 mg/g,the difference was 17.16 times the lemon fruits were of long oval shape except Muli lemon fruit with the oblate shape;The pericarp of mature fruit was light yellow;All the lemon varieties tasted extremely sour except sweet lemon with a sweet taste;No freezing injury occurred on the eight lemon varieties in Huishui County,Luodian County,Jinping County of Qiandongnan Prefecture,Qingshuipu Town of Bijie City and Zhenning County of Anshun City,and the ecological adaptability of each variety was excellent.The test sites are suitable for the cultivation of eighe introduced lemon varieties.