济源市“四旁树”资源调查与环境生态分析

Investigation and Environmental Ecology Analysis of Four Side Tree Resource in Jiyuan

对济源市“四旁树”进行调查,并分析四旁树的环境与生态功能,为城乡绿化提供理论基础和依据。调查表明,济源市“四旁树”共有68科148属255种,其中裸子植物为6科14属22种,被子植物为63科134属233种。乔木树种为134种,占比52.55%,灌木树种为103种,占比40.39%,藤本树种为18种,占比7.06%。基于“四旁树”的环境生态意义和济源市“四旁树”的现状,对城乡“四旁树”的种植提出如下建议:增加物种多样性,在使用乡土树种时,应加大外来树种的引进,逐渐丰富“四旁树”树种的多样性;因地制宜,如在城市绿化带和公园内,应以观赏物种为主,在河道旁应以涵水固土树种为主;因境制宜,如道路两旁应以降噪、降尘、吸收尾气等树种为主,在气体排放厂区周围,应根据工厂排放气体成分,针对性种植吸收特定气体的树种。

We investigated the four side trees in Jiyuan,and analyzed their environmental and ecological functions,which will provide a theoretical basis for urban and rural greening.According to the survey,there were 255 trees species recorded,belonging to 148 genera in 68 families,including gymnosperms 6 families 14 genera 22 species and angiosperms 63 families 134 genera 233 specie.There were 134 arbor species,103 shrub species and 18 liana species,respectively occupying a proportion of 52.55%,40.39%and 7.06%.Based on the ecological significance and the current situation of the four side trees in Jiyuan,the following suggestions were proposed for the cultivation of four side trees in urban and rural areas:to increase species diversity,the exotic tree species should also be introduced when using local tree species;according to local conditions,in urban green belts and parks,ornamental species should be the main species,and water retention and soil fixing tree species should be the main along the river bank;based on circumstances,tree species about noise reduction,dust reduction,absorption of tail gas should be planted on the road sides,and the specific gas-absorbing species should be planted in the gas emission factory.