吸波复合材料的研究进展

Research progress of wave absorbing composites

随着电子科技的高速发展,电子设备在工作与生活中也变得随处可见,电子设备虽然给人们的生活带来许多便利,但是随之而来的电磁辐射问题也日益严重。吸波材料能将电磁能转化为热能、机械能等其他形式的能量,进而可以从根本上解决电磁辐射的问题。经氧化剂和掺杂剂制备的聚吡咯作为一种导电高分子复合材料,其吸波性能也备受关注。文章首先探讨了聚吡咯的反应机理、吸波机理及掺杂机理;其次,探讨了吸波性能的电磁参数(介电常数、复磁导率及反射损耗),聚吡咯/棉吸波材料、聚吡咯/石墨烯吸波材料、聚吡咯/四氧化三铁吸波材料、聚吡咯/碳化硅吸波材料的吸波性能;最后,总结了聚吡咯在今后发展遇到的挑战和机遇。

With the rapid development of electronic technology, electronic equipment has become ubiquitous in our work and life. Although electronic equipment has brought many conveniences to our life, the accompanying electromagnetic radiation problem has become increasingly serious. Wave absorbing materials can convert electromagnetic energy into heat energy, mechanical energy and other forms of energy, thus fundamentally solving the problem of electromagnetic radiation. As a kind of conductive polymer composite, polypyrrole prepared by the oxidant and dopant has attracted much attention because of its wave absorbing property. In this paper, firstly, we discussed the reaction mechanism, wave absorbing mechanism and doping mechanism of polypyrrole. Secondly, we discussed the electromagnetic parameters(dielectric constant, complex permeability and reflection loss), and the absorbing properties of polypyrrole/cotton absorbing materials, polypyrrole/graphene absorbing materials, polypyrrole/ferroferric oxide absorbing materials, and polypyrrole/silicon carbide absorbing materials. Finally, we summarized the challenges and opportunities in the future development of polypyrrole.