桑蚕茧不同干燥工艺对茧丝质量及品质评价的影响

Influence of different drying processes of mulberry silkworm cocoon on cocoon filament quality and evaluation of silk quality

为探究不同干燥工艺对蚕茧质量和品质的影响,制定蚕茧加工领域亟需的蚕茧干燥技术与蚕丝品质评价技术规程,对供试的桑蚕鲜茧采用不同干燥工艺处理,比较鲜茧、半干茧、干茧及过干茧4个试验组的蚕茧与茧丝质量指标,即解舒率、茧丝纤度、清洁、洁净、万米吊糙次数及生丝表面观察和红外分析,评价不同试验组的蚕茧与茧丝品质。研究结果表明:鲜茧缫丝可提高解舒率,减少万米吊糙次数,但鲜茧生丝的表面丝胶颗粒更加明显,恰当的烘茧工艺处理更有助于补正茧质,提高生丝品位。

In order to explore the influence of different drying processes on the quality of silkworm cocoons, develop silkworm cocoon drying technology and silk quality evaluation technical regulations that are urgently needed in the cocoon processing field, and the provided fresh cocoons were treated with different drying processes to form four experimental groups, namely fresh cocoon, half-dried cocoon, dried cocoon, and overdried cocoon. The four groups were compared for quality index of cocoon and silk to evaluate the quality of cocoon and silk, covering reelability, size of cocoon filament, cleanness, neatness, the number of rush upon in reeling process per myriameter, and surface observation and infrared analysis of raw silk. The results show that silk reeling with fresh cocoon can improve reelability and reduce the number of rush upon in reeling process per myriameter, but the surface sericin particles of fresh raw silk are more obvious. Thus, proper drying process can help to remedy cocoon quality and improve raw silk grade.