应对方式在军人心理弹性与负性情绪间的多重中介效应

Multiple mediation effects of coping style in mental resilience and negative emotions among military personnel

目的探讨应对方式在军人心理弹性与负性情绪间的中介效应。方法整群随机抽取某部官兵358名,采用心理弹性量表、简易应对方式问卷和抑郁-焦虑-压力量表进行问卷调查,并运用结构方程模型分析变量间的关系。结果回收有效问卷344份,有效率为96.09%。受试者均为男性,平均年龄为(23.24±4.73)岁。心理弹性、积极应对、消极应对和负性情绪两两相关(P均<0.01);心理弹性可解释负性情绪方差变异的21.2%(P<0.01),加入积极应对和消极应对方式后,可多解释7%的方差变异。心理弹性通过积极应对方式和消极应对方式间接影响负性情绪[χ~2=35.744,df=17,χ~2/df=2.103,拟合优度指数(GFI)=0.975,调整拟合优度指数(AGFI)=0.948,近似误差均方根(RMSEA)=0.057],应对方式的中介效应占总效应的27.03%,其中积极应对方式在总中介效应中占比75.43%,消极应对方式占比24.00%。结论应对方式在军人心理弹性与负性情绪间起到并行多重中介作用,其中积极应对方式中介效应较大,提示应重点关注低心理弹性军人群体,着重训练其积极应对方式,有效降低官兵负性情绪水平,提高作业效能。

Objective To investigate the mediation effects of coping style on the relationship between mental resilience and negative emotions among military personnel. Methods A questionnaire survey was performed in 358 military officers and soldiers using Connor-Davidson resilience scale, simplified coping style questionnaire and depression anxiety and stress scale. Structural equation model was built to analyze the relationship between variables. Results A total of 344 valid questionnaires were collected, and effective response rate was 96.09%. All the subjects were male with a mean age of(23.24±4.73) years old. Pairwise correlations between mental resilience, positive coping style, negative coping style and negative emotions were all significant(all P<0.01). Mental resilience explained 21.2% of the total variation of negative emotions(P<0.01), and coping style explained 7% of the variation. Mental resilience could indirectly affect negative emotions through positive coping style and negative coping style(χ2=35.744, df=17, χ2/df=2.103, goodness of fit index [GFI]=0.975, adjusted goodness of fit index [AGFI]=0.948, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA]=0.057). The mediation effect of coping style accounted for 27.03% of the overall effect(positive coping style for 75.43% and negative coping style for 24.00%). Conclusion Coping style plays multiple mediating roles between mental resilience and negative emotions in military personnel, especially with the positive coping style contributing a large proportion. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on training positive coping style in military personnel with low mental resilience, so as to effectively reduce the level of negative emotions of military personnel and improve operational efficiency.