注册取得体制下的《商标法》第四条及其修改

Article 4 of Trademark Law and its Amendment under the System of Registration and Acquisition

注册取得是我国原始取得商标权的唯一方式,而2019年新修正《商标法》第4条增加条款却将“使用目的”作为取得商标权的考量因素。在商标注册取得体制下,适时吸收使用取得方式的优势,是为我国商标取得体制的变革方向。对于新修条款的规范分析应当涉及以下几个方面:就文义解释而言,“不以使用为目的”的证明是通过对“有使用目的”举证的反面推论,并且商标局在商标审查期间应负有主动进行审查的义务;“恶意”是对“不以使用为目的”的限定,以区别其他正常的商标注册申请行为。就体系解释而言,该条款与其它规定共同构成了我国规范商标注册申请行为的制度体系,即从商标初审阶段、商标公告异议阶段和商标注册后宣告无效阶段,全方位规制不正常商标注册申请行为。

Registration is the only way to acquire trademark right in China,while the additional clause in Article 4 of the newly amended Trademark Law regards"purpose of use"as the consideration factor for obtaining trademark rights.Under the acquisition system of trademark registration,timely absorbing the advantages of the acquisition mode in use is the reform direction for the acquisition system of trademark in China.The normative analysis for the newly revised clauses should involve the following aspects.In terms of literal interpretation,the"not using for purpose"proof is the negative inference of"intending to use"proof,and the Trademark Office should have the obligation of initiative examination during the period of trademark examination;"bad faith"is the restriction of"not intending to use"in order to distinguish other normal trademarks registration application behavior.In terms of system interpretation,this clause and other provisions together constitute the system of standardizing trademark registration application behavior in China,that is,from the stage of trademark preliminary examination,the stage of trademark announcement objection and the stage of invalidation after trademark registration,comprehensively regulates the abnormal trademark registration application behavior.