短跳板滚装船的固定式岸坡道设计方法

Fixed shore ramp design method for short springboard ro-ro ship

岸坡道是滚装码头结构中连接滚装船和码头的关键部位。针对短跳板滚装船(一般指跳板长度小于5 m)岸坡道的设计问题,对中外规范相关规定进行分析,结合非洲某工程案例,对比分析不同跳板长度滚装船靠泊结果。结果表明,当设计水位差小于1.5 m时,可按照规范要求采用固定式岸坡道,但是短跳板滚装船存在跳板脱离岸坡道或仰角过大的风险;设计岸坡道前宜先判断尾跳板端部可调节的垂直高差是否大于设计水位差与满载空载吃水差之和,当前者小于后者时,在不具备采用可调式岸坡道的情况下,可采用多级固定式岸坡道(不同顶高程)来解决滚装船的靠泊问题。

Shore ramp is an important part of ro-ro terminal structure,which connects the ro-ro ship with the quay.Aiming at the problem of the shore ramp design method for short springboard ro-ro ship( generally less than 5 m),we analyze relevant provisions in Chinese and foreign specifications,and contrast the berthing results of ro-ro ship with springboard in different lengths combining one project in Africa.The results show that when the design water level variation is less than 1.5 m,fixed shore ramp can be adopted according to the codes,but springboard may break away from the ramp or elevation angle exceeds the allowable value.Before design of shore ramp,it is advisable to judge whether the adjustable vertical height variation at the springboard end is bigger than design water level variation+draft variation between full load and empty load condition.If the former is less than the latter,some multilevel fixed ramps with different top elevations can be adopted to solve the berthing problem when the adjustable ramp is not available.