高等学校科研投入产出效率实证研究——基于省域的数据包络分析

Empirical Study on the Efficiency of Scientific Research Input and Output in Universities: Based on the Provincial Data Envelopment Analysis

以我国31个省市为决策单元,运用数据包络分析方法,采用CCR和BCC模型,对各省市高校科研投入产出的综合效率、纯技术效率、规模效率等作了整体性分析。分析结果表明,我国各省市高校总体上科研投入产出效率较高。12个非DEA有效省市普遍存在规模报酬递减的现象,只有贵州省处于规模报酬递增的状态;影响非DEA有效省市高校科研投入产出效率的主要原因是规模效率不高。在此基础上,对非DEA有效省市高校科研投入产出进行了投影分析,发现普遍存在投入产出结构不合理、人财物资源投入冗余等问题。最后,提出了合理配置科研资源、提高资源管理利用水平、调整非DEA有效省市高校科研投入产出结构等建议。

Taking 31 provinces and municipalities as the decision-making unit,using Data Envelopment Analysis method with CCR and BCC model to analyze the overall efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of scientific research input and output of universities in various provinces and cities.The analysis results show that the scientific research input and output efficiency of universities in various provinces and cities is relatively high.Decreasing returns to scale is widespread in 12 non-DEA provinces while only Guizhou Province is in a state of increasing returns to scale.The main reason of the efficiency of scientific research input and output in non-DEA provinces is that scale efficiency is not high.Based on this,the projection analysis of the scientific research input and output in non-DEA effective universities is carried out to find out that unreasonable input-output structure and large amount of redundancy in human and material resources are widespread.Finally,this paper suggests that the scientific research resources should be allocated legitimately,the resource management and utilization level be improved and the input and output structure of non-DEA effective universities be adjusted.