天津市2017年矽肺监测数据分析

Analysis of silicosis surveillance data in Tianjin in 2017

目的分析天津市2017年矽肺监测数据,为制订矽肺防治对策提供信息。方法按照2017年国家《重点职业病监测与职业健康风险评估工作方案》,对矽尘危害企业现状、矽尘作业劳动者健康状况和新发矽肺病例特征进行监测和分析。结果2017年天津市存在矽尘危害企业210家,作业岗位超标率为34.73%;收集接触矽尘劳动者在岗期间个案体检5695例,检出职业禁忌证2人,胸片异常检出率3.60%,肺功能指标异常以FVC为主,异常率15.8%,2017年天津市新发矽肺193例,均为脱离矽尘作业后发展的矽肺患者,病例所在企业仅有7家仍在生产,占所占企业总数的23.3%(7/30)。结论天津市矽肺防控的重点为存在矽尘作业岗位超标的企业以及年龄较大和工龄较长的劳动者,应采取有效措施降低工作场所矽尘浓度。

Objective Analyzes of the monitoring results of silicosis in key occupational disease monitoring in Tianjin in 2017,providing reference for continuous monitoring,and prevention and control work of silicosis.Methods Monitor and analyze the current state of silica dust hazard enterprises,the health status of silica dust workers,and the characteristics of newly developed silicosis cases in accordance with the national 2017 work plan for key occupational disease monitoring and occupational health risk assessment.Results In 2017,210 enterprises have silica dust hazard in Tianjin,silica dust workplaces exceed the standard rate is 34.73%,5695 workers'health examination who contact with silica dust were collected.2 were detected occupational contraindication,the abnormal detection rate of chest examination is 3.60%,the abnormal index of lung function mainly is FVC,the abnormal rate is 15.8%.The abnormal rate increases with working years.In 2017,193 new cases of silicosis were reported most cases were developed after years of decontamination.Most enterprises with cases had already out of market,only 7 were still producing.Conclusion The key prevention and control in Tianjin was enterprises with silica dust excess of standard,as well as older and longer working years workers,adopting effective measures to reduce the concentration of silica dust in workplace is a fundamental measure to reduce the risk of silicosis.