某市2008至2018年职业性布鲁氏菌病报告病例的特征分析

Analysis of the characteristics of reported cases of occupational brucellosis in a city from 2008 to 2018

目的分析呼伦贝尔市2008至2018年职业性布鲁氏菌病报告病例的流行病学特征及临床表现,为制定职业性布鲁氏菌病的预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法于2019年2月,利用"中国疾病预防控制信息系统"子系统"职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统",建立呼伦贝尔市2008至2018年职业性布鲁氏菌病病例数据库,对其流行病学特征、临床表现及实验室检查等进行分析。结果呼伦贝尔市2008至2018年共报告职业性布鲁氏菌病262例,其中男性235例、女性27例,年龄以41~50岁居多(97例,37.0%);工龄分布集中在0~10年(146例,55.7%)。时间分布上,1月发病居多(87例,33.2%);行业分布中,兽医居多(139例,53.1%),其次为防疫员(58例,22.1%);地区分布主要集中在额尔古纳市(51例,19.5%)、海拉尔区(43例,16.4%)、鄂伦春自治旗(40例,15.3%)。临床特征以乏力(194例,74.0%)、多汗(144例,55.0%)、关节肌肉疼痛(156例,59.5%)为主;病程多数为慢性期(181例,69.1%)。结论呼伦贝尔市职业性布鲁氏菌病病例分布在畜牧业发达地区,发病月份集中,兽医为重点高危职业人群。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological,occupational characteristics and clinical manifestations of reported cases of occupational brucellosis(OB)in Hulunbeier city from 2008 to 2018,so as to provide scientific basis for the formulation of prevention and control measures for occupational brucellosis.Methods China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention had exported the network report data of"occupational diseases and occupational health information monitoring"from January 1,2008 to December 31,2018 and had created the database;The epidemiological characteristics,clinical manifestations and laboratory examinations of OB were analyzed.Results There were 262 OB cases in Hulunbuir from 2008 to 2018,including male in 235 cases,female in 27 cases.The most age was 41-50 years old(97 cases,37%).The length of service was concentrated in 0-10 years(146 cases,55.7%);in the time distribution,the incidence in January was mostly(87 cases,33.2%).The industry distribution of veterinarians was the most(139 cases,53.1%),followed by epidemic prevention workers(58 cases,22.1%).The regional distribution is mainly concentrated in Ergun city(51 cases,19.5%),Hailar District(43 cases,16.4%),Orogen Autonomous Banner(40 cases,15.3%).The main clinical features were asthenia(194 cases,74.0%),hyperhidrosis(144 cases,55.0%),joint and muscle pain(156 cases,59.5%).The course of disease was mostly chronic(181 cases,69.1%).Conclusion The cases of OB in Hulunbuir city are distributed in the developed areas of animal husbandry,and the incidence months are concentrated.Veterinarians are the key high-risk occupational groups.