正确的自然观是坚持马克思主义世界观的前提——访著名马克思主义理论家侯惠勤教授

The Correct View of Nature is the Premise of Upholding the Marxist World Outlook:Interview with Professor Hou Hui-qin

科学的自然观是坚持和发展马克思主义哲学的前提。马克思主义自然观包含三层含义:(1)外在于人的自然,它是观察人类历史、人类历史活动和实践活动的前提;(2)作为"自然的历史"的自然,它决定了人类历史本质上是"自然的历史",具有不以人的意志为转移的客观规律;(3)"历史的自然",它表明了"自然的历史"和"历史的自然"的内在一致。承认"自然界的优先地位",对于马克思主义的实践观、认识论、历史观和价值观具有基础性、第一位的根基作用和意义。不坚持马克思"新唯物主义"自然观的前提和基础地位,就会导致对马克思主义哲学的颠覆性误导。不能把马克思创立的"新唯物主义"概括为"实践唯物主义"。

The concept of nature is the premise of upholding and developing Marxist philosophy.The Marxist view of nature contains three meanings:Fist,the nature of human beings,it is the premise for observing human history,human activities and practical activities;second,as the nature of"natural history",it determines the essence of human history.It is a"natural history"with an objective law that is not transferred by human will;third,"the nature of history",it shows the inner consistency of"natural history"and"historical nature".Recognizing the"priority of nature"independent of human beings and external human beings,it has a fundamental,first-founding role and significance for the Marxist view of practice,epistemology,history and values.Failure to adhere to the premise and basic status of Marx’s"new materialism"vies of nature will lead to subversive misleading of Marxist philosophy.The"new materialism"created by Marx cannot be summarized as"practical materialism".