2008—2018年南通市通州区平潮镇疑似预防接种异常反应监测结果

Surveillance results of adverse event following immunization in Pingchao Town of Tongzhou District in Nantong City from 2008-2018

目的了解2008—2018年南通市通州区平潮镇疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的发生情况,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况。方法2008—2018年,按照《全国疑似预防接种异常反应监测方案》对AEFI进行诊断,并对相关指标进行流行病学分析。结果2008—2018年共报告AEFI 101例,报告发生率49.85/万剂,涉及25种疫苗,其中百白破IPV和Hib五联疫苗报告发生率最高(1515.15/10万剂)。一类疫苗72例,占71.29%,报告发生率41.70/10万剂;二类疫苗(自费)29例,占28.71%,报告发生率96.75/10万剂。二类疫苗AEFI报告发生率显著高于国家规划疫苗,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=14.45,P<0.01)。不同年份AEFI报告发生率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=27.78,P<0.01)。反应类型上一般反应占91.09%(92/101),表现为发热/红肿/硬结;异常反应占8.91%(9/101),多为过敏性皮疹;无菌性脓肿1例。报告病例主要发生在低年龄段人群(≤2岁发生数占59.41%)。多在接种后1天内发生(56.44%)。3—8月报告病例占64.36%。结论南通市通州区平潮镇AEFI监测的完整性和敏感性比较高,但仍需要加强AEFI监测工作,规范预防接种操作,严格掌握禁忌证,减少AEFI发生。

Objective To understand the incidence of adverse event following immunization(AEFI)in Pingchao Town of Tongzhou District in Nantong City from 2008-2018,evaluate the operation of AEFI monitoring system.Methods From 2008-2018,AEFI cases were diagnosed according to the National monitoring program for adverse event following immunization,and the related indicators were analyzed by epidemiological method.Results From 2008 to 2018,101 cases of AEFI were reported,with a reported incidence of 49.85/10000 doses,involving 25 vaccines.IPV and Hib combined vaccines had the highest reported incidence(1515.15/100000 doses).There were 72 cases caused by the first class v accines,accounting for 71.29%,and the reported incidence was 41.70/100000 doses.29 cases were caused by the second class vaccines(Self funded vaccines),accounting for 28.71%and the reported incidence was 96.75/100000 doses.The reported incidence of AEFI cases caused by the second class vaccines was significantly higher than that of those caused by the national planned vaccines(χ^2=14.45,P<0.01).There were statistically significant difference in the reported incidence of AEFI among different y ears(χ^2=27.78,P<0.01).The general reaction cases accounted for 91.09%(92/101),manifested as fever/redness/induration,while the abnormal reaction cases accounted for 8.91%(9/101),mostly were allergic rash and there was one case of aseptic abscess.The reported cases mainly occurred in the younger age group(≤2 years old accounted for 59.41%).Most of cases occurred within one day after inoculation(56.44%).The cases reported from March to August accounted for 64.36%.Conclusion The monitoring of AEFI in Pingchao Town of Tongzhou District in Nantong City shows higher integrity and sensitivity,but it is still necessary to strengthen the monitoring of AEFI,standardize the operation of vaccination,strictly control the contraindications and reduce the occurrence of AEFI.