2015—2017年北京市丰台区肠道门诊病例的流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of outpatients in intestinal clinics of Fengtai District of Beijing from 2015-2017

目的了解2015—2017年北京市丰台区肠道门诊开诊季病例的流行病学特征,为腹泻疾病的预防提供参考依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对2015—2017年北京市丰台区肠道门诊开诊季就诊病例的发病概况和三间分布等流行病学特征进行分析。结果2015—2017年肠道门诊病例以胃肠功能紊乱比例最高为29.56%,其次为感染性腹泻18.20%;肠道传染病的高发季节一般为7、8月;就诊病例以20~29岁(25.09%)和30~39岁年龄组(22.38%)为多;病例主要居住在北京市丰台区(86.95%),肠道门诊就诊病例中出现症状最多的为腹痛(48.93%),其次为恶心(43.12%);2015年北京市丰台区报告1例霍乱病例,2016—2017年均无霍乱病例报告。结论2015—2017年,北京市丰台区肠道门诊就诊病例数逐年降低,青壮年人群是肠道门诊传染病的高发人群,应该针对重点人群在肠道传染病高发的夏季开展肠道传染病宣传工作,同时进一步提高医务人员诊断疾病的能力。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the patients in intestinal clinic during the open season in Fengtai District of Beijing from 2015-2017,provide theoretical basis for the prevention of diarrhoeal diseases.Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of outpatients in intestinal clinics Fengtai District of Beijing from 2015-2017,which included the incidence and spatial,temporal and population distribution.Results From 2015-2017,the proportion of intestinal outpatients with gastrointestinal dysfunction was as high as 29.6%,followed by infectious diarrhea(18.2%).Intestinal infectious diseases were generally happened in July or August.The number of patients in 20-29 age(25.09%)and 30-39 age group(22.38%)was higher.Cases mainly lived in Fengtai District(86.95%).Abdominal pain(48.93%)was the most common symptom in intestinal outpatient visits,followed by nausea(43.12%).In 2015,one cholera case was reported in Fengtai District,and there were no cholera cases reported in 2016-2017.Conclusion From 2015-2017,the number of outpatients in intestinal clinics of Fengtai District of Beijing have been declining year by year,and the young and middle-aged people are the focus groups.It is necessary to carry out the publicity on intestinal infectious diseases for key groups in the summer when the incidence of intestinal infectious diseases is high.At the same time,the ability of medical personnel to diagnose diseases should be further improved.