天津地区粮油中真菌毒素的污染情况

Pollution condition of mycotoxin in grain and oil in Tianjin area

目的了解天津地区粮油中真菌毒素污染情况,为食品中真菌毒素对人类健康危害的防控提供参考依据。方法2016年1月—2018年12月,选取天津地区销售量较大的花生油、大豆油、菜籽油、芝麻油等食用植物油(共511份)以及玉米和花生(共400份)作为研究对象。采用超高效液相色谱连大体积流通池荧光检测(UPLC)方法和超高效液相色谱质谱联用(UPLC-MS/MS)的方法分别对样品中黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)和玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)的含量进行检测。结果市售食用植物油中AFB1和ZEN的检出率分别为17.0%、11.0%,花生中AFB1和ZEN检出率的检出率分别为23.0%、12.0%,玉米中AFB1和ZEN的检出率分别为33.5%、13.5%。市售食用植物油中花生油的AFB1和ZEN检出率较高,其次是大豆油。结论天津地区食用植物油中真菌毒素污染现象较严重,AFB1的检出率偏高,其中花生油的AFB1污染最为严重,大豆油次之。应加以重视,以降低真菌毒素污染对人类健康的危害。

Objective To understand the contamination of mycotoxins in grain and oil in Tianjin,and to provide reference for the prevention and control of mycotoxins in food.Methods A total of 511 edible peanut oils,such as peanut oil,soybean oil,rapeseed oil and sesame oil,and corn and peanuts(400 in total)were selected as research objects.The contents of aflatoxin B1(AFB1)and zearalenone(ZEN)in samples were determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)with fluorescence detection(UPLC)and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS).Results The detection rates of AFB1 and ZEN in edible vegetable oils were 17.0% and 11.0%,respectively.The detection rates of AFB1 and ZEN in peanuts were 23.0%and 12.0%,respectively.The detection rates of AFB1 and ZEN in maize were 33.5% and 13.5%,respectively.The detection of mycotoxins in peanut oil in commercially available edible vegetable oils is relatively high,followed by soybean oil.Conclusion The contamination of mycotoxins in edible vegetable oils in Tianjin is serious,and the detection rate of AFB1 is high.Among them,the AFB1 pollution of peanut oil is the most serious,followed by soybean oil.