温度和光周期对茶树扦插繁育的影响

Effects of temperature and photoperiod on cutting propagation of tea plants

通过测定不同昼夜温度和光周期条件下茶树扦插生长指标,分析温度和光周期对茶树扦插生长繁育的影响。结果表明,随着昼温升高,新梢长和新生叶片数增加,28℃条件下愈伤组织形成率、生根率、发根数、茎粗明显增加,25℃条件下茶苗成活率最高;随着夜温从15℃升高至25℃,新梢长、新生叶片数和茎粗增加,20℃夜温度条件下,愈伤组织形成率、生根率、发根数优于其他处理;随着光照时间增加,生根率和根数增加,16 h光照条件下,新梢长、新生叶片数和茎粗增加优于其他处理。综合茶树根系及茶苗地上部生长指标,昼温保持在25~28℃、夜温20℃为宜,增加光照时间,有利于扦插苗根系和地上部生长。

The effects of different day and night temperature and photoperiod treatments on the growth and propagation of tea cutting were investigated by measuring the growth index of tea cutting. The results showed that with the increase of daylight temperature, the length of new shoots and the number of new leaves increased. At 28 ℃, the formation rate of callus, the rate of root formation, the number of roots and the diameter of stem increased significantly. The survival rate of tea seedlings was the highest at 25 ℃. With the increase of night temperature from 15 ℃ to 25 ℃, the length of shoot, the number of new leaves and stem diameter increased. At 20 ℃ night temperature, callus formation rate, rooting rate and root number were better than other treatments. The root rating and root number were increased with the increase of light time. Under 16 h light condition, the shoot length, the number of new leaves and stem diameter increased better than other treatments. Taking the indexes of root system and shoot growth of tea plant into consideration, the day temperature between 25 ℃ and 28 ℃, the night temperature at 20 ℃ were the proper temperature for tea cutting. Increasing the illumination time was beneficial to the root and shoot growth of cuttings.