菱果实形态发育变异调查研究

Investigation on variation of fruit morphology development of water caltrop

对两角菱(Trapa natans L.)和四角菱果实形态发育变异进行了调查。结果表明,①两角菱果实形态发育变异率达36.9%,其中肩角姿态变异率最高,为36.9%,锐尖果角数目变异率较低,为3.1%;四角菱果实形态发育变异率达45.1%,其中锐尖果角数目和锐尖果角部位变异率最高,均为26.5%,其次为腰角姿态,变异率为18.7%,再次为肩角姿态,变异率仅为0.7%。②综合两角菱和四角菱,从菱的整体来看,果实形态发育变异率达41.0%,其中肩角姿态变异率最高,为18.8%,其次为四角菱腰角姿态变异率,为18.6%,锐尖果角数目和锐尖果角部位变异率最低,均为14.8%。无论是两角菱还是四角菱,果角数目均无变化。

Investigation on variation of fruit morphology development of water caltrop(Trapa natans L.) was carried out for two-horn-water caltrop and four-horn-water caltrop. It indicated that: ①The variation rate of fruit morphology of two-hornwater caltrop was 36.9%. Among them, that of the number of top horn pose was the highest, which was 36.9%. That of the number of fruit with acutangular horn was small, which was 3.1%. The variation rate of fruit morphology of four-horn-water caltrop was 45.1%. Among them, those of the number of fruit with acutangular horn and the position of fruit with acutangular horn were the highest, which were 26.5%. The second, that of the pose of horn in the middle was 18.7%. The third, that of top horn pose was the smallest, which was 0.7%. ②Making a comprehensive survey for two-horn-water caltrop and fourhorn-water caltrop, the variation rate of fruit morphorlogy was 41.0%. Among them, that of top horn pose was the highest,which was 18.8%. The second, that of the pose of horn in the middle was 18.6%(four-horn-water caltrop). Those of the number of fruit with acutangular horn and the position of fruit with acutangular horn were the smallest, all of which were14.8%. No change in the number of fruit horn was observed in either two-horn-water caltrop or four-horn-water caltrop.