乘用车白车身轻量化选材及发展趋势

LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIAL SELECTION AND DEVELOPMENT TREND OF PASSENGER CAR BIW

结构轻量化、材料轻量化、工艺轻量化是实现乘用车白车身轻量化的主要途经。重点介绍了乘用车白车身轻量化选材的现状、面临的挑战和发展趋势。指出乘用车白车身轻量化选材面临着钢材、铝合金、镁合金、碳纤维、塑料等多元材料的竞争局面,从性价比角度看,钢材仍然是白车身的主要制造材料,特别是先进高强钢的应用比例将进一步增加。另外,随着研究的进一步深入,其他新钢种和新材料会逐步得到开发和应用。让合适的材料用在合适的白车身零部件上,可以实现白车身的物理性能、化学性能和工艺性能的良好结合,有效减轻白车身重量。

Lightweight of structure,material and technology are the main ways to realize the lightweight of BIW.This paper focuses on the present situation,challenges and development trend of lightweight material selection for passenger cars BIW.It is pointed out that the lightweight material selection of passenger car BIW is facing the competition of multiple materials such as steel,aluminum alloy,magnesium alloy,carbon fiber,plastic,etc.From the perspective of cost performance,steel is still the main manufacturing material of BIW,especially the application proportion of advanced high-strength steel will be further increased.In addition,with the further research,other new steel grades and new materials will be gradually developed and applied.The good combination of physical performance,chemical performance and technological performance of BIW can be achieved through the application of suitable materials on the right parts of BIW,which can effectively reduce the weight of BIW.