新疆地区不同番茄品种的光合特异性比较及高光效品种筛选

Comparison of Photosynthetic Specificity of Different Tomato Varieties in Xinjiang and Screening of High Light Efficiency Varieties

【目的】比较新疆地区不同番茄品种的光合特异性,筛选出适于新疆地区种植的高光效番茄品种。【方法】以生长在相同条件下的92个不同番茄品种为供试材料,利用LI-6400XT便携式光合仪和SPAD-502叶绿素仪,在番茄结果期测定功能叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO 2浓度、蒸腾速率和叶绿素含量等光合参数,使用SPSS 20.0分析软件进行番茄叶片光合特性的相关性、主成分和聚类分析。【结果】番茄各个品种间光合特征参数有丰富的遗传变异类型,主成分分析选出2个累计贡献率达到76.14%的主成分,主要是光合因子、气孔因子、胞间CO 2浓度和水分因子作为筛选高光效品种的因素;聚类分析得出92个番茄种质资源划分为8个类群,第Ⅰ、Ⅲ类群的Gs、Ci和TR最高,这两个类群气孔因子、水分因子和胞间CO 2浓度综合表现最佳;第Ⅰ类群的30个种质资源有超过1/3来源于新疆地区,该类群中剩余种质资源与本地品种亲缘关系较近,第Ⅲ类群的4个番茄种质资源主要来源于中国农科院和天津农科院。【结论】第Ⅰ、Ⅲ类群的34份番茄种质资源气孔因子、水分因子和胞间CO 2浓度综合表现最佳,且其中有超过1/3的品种是新疆本地品种,与该类群中其余亲缘关系相近的各地方品种都可作为适于新疆种植的高光效番茄品种。

【Objective】To compare the photosynthetic specificity of different tomato varieties in Xinjiang,and to screen out high photosynthetic efficiency tomato varieties which are suitable for local cultivation in Xinjiang.【Method】Ninety-two different tomato varieties grown under the same conditions were used as experimental materials.The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO 2 concentration,transpiration rate and chlorophyll content of functional leaves were measured by LI-6400XT portable photosynthetic meter and SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter during tomato fruiting period.The correlation and principal component of photosynthetic characteristics of tomato leaves went through cluster analysis by SPSS 20.0 software.【Results】Descriptive statistical analysis of 92 tomato varieties showed that there were abundant genetic variation types of photosynthetic characteristic parameters among different tomato varieties.Two principal components with cumulative contribution rate of 76.14 were selected by principal component analysis.The main factors were photosynthetic factors,stomatal factors,CO 2 concentration and water factors.Cluster analysis showed that 92 tomato germplasm resources were divided into 8 groups,Gs,Ci and TR of group I and III were the highest,and stomatal factors,water factors and CO 2 concentration of the two groups were the best.More than one third of the 30 germplasm resources of group I came from Xinjiang,and the remaining germplasm resources in this group were closely related to local varieties,and 4 tomato germplasm resources of group III were the best.The main sources were from the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences.【Conclusion】The stomatal factors of germplasm resources,water factors and CO 2 concentration of 34 Tomato Germplasm Resources in group I and III were the best,and more than one third of them were local varieties in Xinjiang.All the varieties with similar genetic relationship with the rest of the group could be used as high-light-efficient tomato varieties suitable for local cultivation.