我国刑事缺席审判程序中的送达问题研究

Study on the Service of Criminal Absent Trial Procedure in China

缺席判决的承认与执行是国际刑事司法合作的重要议题,多数国家将文书送达作为审查原审国缺席审判程序正当性的重要考量因素。我国2018年《刑事诉讼法修正案》增设了缺席审判制度,其中关于文书送达的规定较为原则,缺乏具体的操作规范。因此,有必要对送达程序作出明确限制,合理借鉴域外国家的立法和司法经验。适当前移为被告人提供法律援助律师的诉讼阶段,在决定向被告人送达诉讼通知的同时,应当将传票和起诉书副本送达至被告人的近亲属及其辩护人;同时深入研究相关国家的法律规定,在最大限度内开展广泛的刑事司法合作,为我国刑事缺席审判制度奠定正当性基础。

The recognition and enforcement judgment of trial in absentia is an important issue in the international criminal justice cooperation.The delivery of documents is an important factor in most countriesin reviewing the legitimacy of the trial in absentia.The Criminal Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China(2018 Amendment)has added a system of trials in absentia,in which the provisions on the delivery of documents are more abstract and lack specific operational norms.Therefore,it is necessary to learn legislative and judicial experience of advanced states of law to make clear restrictions on the delivery procedure.The provisions shouldproperly move forward provide the defendant with a legal aid lawyer.At the same time,as the decision to serve the defendant,a copy of the summon and indictment should be served to the defendant’s close relatives and their defenders.Through understanding the provisions of other countries,we can make the criminal justice cooperation within the maximum extent and lay a proper foundation for the criminal system of trial in absentia in China.