收入不平等、技术进步与空气污染——基于污染厌恶弹性效用模型的研究

Research about Income Distribution Inequality, Technological Progress and Air Pollution Based on Utility Model of Pollution Aversion Elasticity

从个体和社会角度出发,考虑政策执行过程中的损耗成本,并加入个体对污染的厌恶程度函数,构建效用模型,演绎个体收入分配状况与社会污染程度之间的关系,同时采用模拟分析验证理论结果。研究发现,厌恶弹性落入不同区间时,二者呈现不同的关系,统一了目前文献关于收入与空气污染间的三种关系。实证研究中,选取2003-2017年我国省域面板数据,验证了该结论的正确性。另外,技术进步与环保政策的推行确实有利于提升空气质量,但改善效果呈阶梯式。

From the perspective of individual and society,this paper considered the cost of environmental policy implementation process,and added the function of individual's degree of aversion to pollution to constructed a theoretical utility model,then deduced the relationship between income distribution and environmental quality,and verified the theoretical relationship by simulation.It found that the relationship between them is different when aversion elasticity falls into different range.This conclusion unifies the three current relationships between income and air pollution in current literatures.In the empirical analysis,by using the provincial panel data in China from 2003 to 2017,and the result shows that our conclusion is correct.In addition,technological progress and the implementation of environmental protection policies are indeed conducive to improving air quality,and the result shows you the stepped improvement effect.