论“教育”的隐喻——基于全国教育大会讲话的研究

On the Metaphor of "Education"——The Study of the Speech at the National Conference on Education

语言学家莱考夫和约翰逊提出的概念隐喻理论,实现了隐喻分析由修辞角度向认知角度的转变。本研究旨在探究中国教育类演讲中概念隐喻的使用情况,并挖掘语言背后所隐藏的社会文化背景以及意识形态的特点。本文以概念隐喻理论为基础,以2018年教育部部长陈宝生在全国教育工作会议上的讲话为语料,通过定性和定量研究的方法,对其进行隐喻以及语用方面的对比研究。最终通过研究发现,教育类演讲中多用战争隐喻和建筑隐喻,以表达教育发展的紧迫性,并通过前瞻性建筑隐喻强调人民群众的教育建设者的重要作用。同时中国独特的隐喻也能够反映出概念隐喻多样性的特征,并侧面体现中国背景下社会文化和意识形态的特征,对将来教育类演讲的认知和语用的深入研究起到了铺垫作用。

The linguists Lakoff and Johnson have put forward the conceptual metaphor theory, which realizes the transformation of the metaphorical study from the rhetoric perspective to the conceptual perspective. This research aims to analyze the usage of the conceptual metaphors in Chinese corpus, and then to explore the characteristics of the socio-cultural background and ideology in China. Based on the theory of conceptual metaphor, this paper makes a contrastive study of metaphor and pragmatics with the speech of Chen Baosheng, Minister of Education, at the National Conference on Education in 2018. In a nutshell, we could find that the Chinese speaker prefers using war metaphor and building metaphor to highlight the urgency of educational development and to stress the momentous role of the masses as education builders by forward-looking building metaphors. Meanwhile, reflexing the diverse characteristics of conceptual metaphors, the unique metaphors of China can also embody the features of cultural background in China, which play a foreshadowing role for the future pragmatic and metaphorical research of the educational speech made by Chinese speakers.