乳化剂对肉仔鸡生长性能和脂肪利用率的影响

Effect of emulsifier on growth performance and fat utilization of broilers

本研究评估合成乳化剂对肉鸡生长性能、肉质、盲肠微生物数量、血浆代谢物及肝载脂蛋白基因表达的影响。试验选择1日龄308肉用公鸡600只,随机分为2组,每组10个重复,每个重复30只鸡。对照组饲喂玉米-小麦-豆粕型日粮,试验组分别在1~12 d、13~22 d和23~44 d肉鸡日粮中添加1 g/kg、0.75 g/kg和0.5 g/kg乳化剂。试验分为1~12 d、13~22 d和23~44 d三个阶段进行。结果显示:与对照组相比,日粮添加乳化剂显著提高了12和22 d公鸡的体重(P <0.05),显著改善1~12 d公鸡的平均日增重(P <0.05)。乳化剂组较对照组显著提高13~22 d公鸡的平均日采食量(P <0.05),而23~44 d以及整个试验期间(1~44 d)料重比显著低于对照组(P <0.05)。乳化剂组较对照组显著提高公鸡屠宰率(P <0.05),但两组对公鸡胸肌重量的影响无显著差异(P> 0.05)。日粮添加乳化剂显著提高肌肉颜色黄度(P <0.05),乳化剂和对照组对肌肉蒸煮损失、剪切力和系水力的影响均无显著差异(P> 0.05)。日粮添加乳化剂较对照组显著增加血浆胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白含量(P <0.05)。结论 :日粮添加乳化剂对肉鸡生长性能(体重、平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比)和屠宰率均有一定促进作用,外源性乳化剂对提高快速生长肉鸡肌肉脂肪利用率具有积极作用。

This study evaluated the effects of synthetic emulsifiers on growth performance,meat quality,caecal microbial quantity,plasma metabolites and liver apolipoprotein gene expression in broilers.Six hundred 308 male broilers aged 1-day-old were selected and randomly divided into two groups with 10 repeats in each group and 30 chickens in each repeat.The control group was fed corn-wheat-soybean meal diet,and the experimental group was fed basal diet addition of 1 g/kg,0.75 g/kg and 0.5 g/kg emulsifiers at 1~12 d,13~22 d and 23~44 d,respectively.The experiment was divided into three stages:1~12 d,13~22 d and 23~44 d.The results showed that compared with the control group,dietary emulsifier significantly increased the weight of roosters at day 12 and 22(P<0.05),and significantly improved the average daily weight gain of roosters at day 1~12(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the emulsifier group significantly increased the average daily feed intake of roosters at 13~22 days(P<0.05),while the feed-weight ratio at 23~44 days and the whole test period(1~44 days)was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the emulsifier group significantly improved the slaughter rate of roosters(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the effect of breast muscle weight between the two groups(P>0.05).Dietary addition of emulsifier significantly increased the yellowness of the muscle(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the emulsifier and the control group in the effects of cooking loss,shearing force and system hydraulic power(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,dietary emulsifier significantly increased plasma cholesterol and high-density lipoproteins(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary emulsifiers can promote growth performance(body weight,average daily weight gain,average daily feed intake,feed to weight ratio)and slaughter rate of broiler chickens,and exogenous emulsifiers can improve the utilization rate of muscle fat in rapidly growing broiler chickens.