高速铁路网络、劳动力转移与产业空间集聚

High-speed Railway Network, Labor Transfer and Industrial Space Agglomeration

高速铁路网络建设是促进经济增长、优化地区产业分布的重要手段。已有研究多关注高铁网络的经济增长效应,而对其产业分布机制研究较少。文章以“中心-外围”理论为基础,从劳动力转移视角分析快速交通网络的产业空间集聚效应;通过构建地市产业层面的面板数据,利用含有固定效应的双重差分模型研究高铁网络对地区产业集聚的影响。实证结果显示:高铁开通显著降低了区域非中心城市的产业集聚水平,并通过劳动力转移渠道强化了中心城市的产业集聚水平;分产业看,高铁网络对制造业的集聚作用强于服务业;分地区看,高铁开通提高了沿海地区非中心城市的产业集聚程度,降低了内陆地区非中心城市的产业集聚程度。基于实证结果文章提出加强区域经济一体化合作等政策建议。

High-speed railway network construction is an important means to promote economic growth and optimize regional industrial distribution.Many studies have focused on the economic growth effect of high-speed rail network,but few on its industrial distribution mechanism.Based on the theory of central periphery,this paper analyses the industrial spatial agglomeration effect of rapid transportation network from the perspective of labor force transfer.This paper studies the impact of high-speed rail on regional industrial agglomeration by using the double difference model with fixed effect.Empirical results show that the opening of high-speed rail reduces the industrial agglomeration degree of regional non-central cities and strengthens the industrial agglomeration of central cities through labor force transfer.In terms of industries,the agglomeration effect of high-speed rail network on manufacturing industry is stronger than that on service industry.In terms of regions,the opening of high-speed rail can improve the industrial agglomeration degree of some coastal non-central cities and reduce the industrial agglomeration degree of inland non-central cities.Based on the empirical results,this paper puts forward relevant policy recommendations.