北京轨道交通布局与城市功能设施的匹配性

Matching of Beijing Rail Transit Layout with Urban Functions

为了缓解以交通拥堵为首的“城市病”,北京市近年来大力发展公共交通。与小汽车“门对门”(door-todoor)的特点相比,轨道交通存在换乘次数过多、与城市功能设施匹配性较差的问题。本文以节点—场所模型为基础,设置轨道交通站点换乘阻抗,选取轨道交通站点影响范围内的居住区和兴趣点(Points of Interests,POI)作为城市功能设施,建立轨道交通匹配性评价模型,对北京市轨道交通匹配性进行分析。主要结论为:①站点换乘阻抗与城市功能设施的匹配性较好,城市功能设施对轨道交通的依赖性较小;②轨道交通站点的整体开发水平较高,具有一定开发潜力。

In order to alleviate“urban diseases”headed by traffic congestion,Beijing has strived to develop public traffic in recent years.Compared to cars characterized by“door-todoor”,there are many problems in rail transit,such as many transfer times and poor matching with urban facilities.Based on node-place model,we establish matching relationship evaluation model of rail transit after constructing transfer impedance and selecting residential districts and Points of Interests within the range of rail transit sites.Main conclusions are drawn as follows:the matching relationship of transfer impedance and functional facilities is excellent,and urban facilities have less dependence on rail transit;the overall level of the rail transit development is high,with certain potential to develop.