2017年青岛市市南区居民健康素养与自评健康状况的关系研究

Study on relationship between health literacy and health status among residents,Shinan district,Qingdao city,2017

目的了解青岛市市南区居民健康素养现状及其与慢性病患病、自评健康状况的关系,探讨健康素养对健康状况的影响,为健康教育干预措施的制定提供依据。方法2017年4~7月采用多阶段分层随机抽样法,抽取市南区现有的10个街道15~69岁常住居民1600人进行健康素养问卷调查。结果2017年青岛市市南区居民总体健康素养水平为19.97%。慢性病患病率为25.43%,自评健康状况好、一般和差的比例分别为70.13%、26.69%和3.18%。Logistic回归分析显示,在调整性别、年龄、文化程度、收入、职业因素后,健康素养是自评健康的独立影响因素(OR=0.74,95%CI:0.55~0.99),自评健康一般的人群健康素养最低。健康素养的3个方面中,仅基本知识和理念素养水平与慢性病患病、自评健康状况有关(OR=1.45,95%CI:1.11~1.90;OR=0.63,95%CI:0.50~0.80)。结论青岛市市南区居民健康素养总体水平较高;以基本知识和理念素养为重点干预内容,以患慢性病人群、自评健康一般人群为重点干预人群,提升居民健康状况。

Objective To understand the status of health literacy and its relationship with chronic diseases and self-reported health among residents in Shinan district,Qingdao city,and explore the influence of health literacy on health status,so as to provide the scientific basis for the development of health education strategies and measures.Methods The stratified multistage random sampling method was adopted during April-July,2017.A total of 1600 permanent residents aged 15-69 years old from 10 sub-districtswere investigated by the health literacy questionnaire in Shinan district.Results The overall level of health literacy status was 19.97%.The prevalence of chronic diseases was 25.43%,the self-reported health proportion of good,fair and poor were 70.13%,26.69% and 3.18%.Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for gender,age,education,income and occupation,health literacy was an independent influence factor(OR=0.74,95% CI=0.55-0.99)to self-reported health,the health literacy status of self-reported health as fair people was the lowest.In 3 aspects of health literacy,only basic health concept and knowledge was correlated with chronic diseases and self-reported health among people(OR=1.45,95% CI=1.11-1.90;OR=0.64,95% CI=0.51-0.81).Conclusion The overall level of health literacy status in Shinan district is high;Interventions should focus on basic health concept and knowledge and people with chronic diseases and self-reported health of fair,in order to improve the health status of residents.