捕后干藏-复水处理对太平洋牡蛎活品贮藏稳定性的影响

Influence of air exposure-rehydration post-harvest on stable storage of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

为探究捕后太平洋牡蛎Crassostrea gigas活品贮藏稳定性,牡蛎(体质量为102.3 g±5.1 g)经海上采捕、陆地运输、运抵实验室后,研究了其贮藏(4℃,4 d)过程中干藏及复水对其生化特性的影响,贮藏分为干藏组和干藏-复水处理组,试验分析了牡蛎闭壳肌中ATP及其关联物含量、腺苷酸能荷(AEC)值、K值、pH值的变化,以及软体组织中蛋白质、糖原、甘油三酯含量的变化。结果表明:采捕后淡水冰降温及干藏(0~6 h)导致软体部分的糖原、甘油三酯含量分别从25.6、10.0 mg/g降至17.3、7.5 mg/g,闭壳肌中的ATP含量也发生损失;运抵实验室进行了海水处理后,干藏过程中(6~24 h)糖原和甘油三酯含量分别恢复至24.2、10.9 mg/g,24 h后又呈逐渐下降趋势,ATP含量也从0.76 nmol/g恢复到1.15 nmol/g,干藏-复水组的AEC值更稳定,肌肉pH值变化更小。研究表明,捕后淡水冰降温及干藏对牡蛎的贮藏稳定性影响较大,但在干藏过程中增加复水处理,有利于提高牡蛎活品贮藏稳定性。

Contents of ATP and its related compound,changes in AEC value in adductor muscle,K value and pH value,and contents of protein,glycogen and triglyceride in soft tissue were determined in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas,from sea harvest,and land transportation,with body weight of(102.3±5.1)g covered with a wet towel storage at 4℃for 4 day(group D)and in the oyster treated above rewatering for 1 h each day(group D-W)to investigate the influence of the post-harvest handing on the storage stability of Pacific oyster.The results showed that the contents of glycogen and triglyceride were decrease from 25.6 mg/g to 17.3 mg/g in the post-harvest oyster cooling by refresh water and from 10.0 mg/g to 7.5 mg/g in the post-harvest oyster by air exposure storage(0-6 h).The ATP content was also shown to be decreased in the adductor muscle.The oyster transported to the laboratory and treated with the sea water was recovered to 24.2 mg/g in glycogen and to 10.9 mg/g in triglyceride during the air exposure storage(6-24 h),with gradual declines in these parameters in the 24 hour storaeg.The ATP content was recovered from the initial content of 0.76 nmol/g to 1.15 nmol/g,and the stable AEC value and no change in pH value in the muscle were observed in the oyster in group D-W.Therefore,the post-harvested cleaning and coverage of fresh water ice in the transportation have the great impact on the storage stability of the oyster,and the re-water(wet)treatment in the air exposure storage process is conducive to improving the storage stability of the live oyster.