饵料对不同规格红螯螯虾生长的影响

Effect of Diet on Growth of Cherax quadricarinatus with Different Specifications

为了筛选红螯螯虾适宜的饵料,本研究比较了2种商品化配合饲料对红螯螯虾雄性雌化率的影响,继而研究了配合饲料(FF)、配合饲料70%+鱼糜30%(FF+TF)、配合饲料70%+南瓜30%(FF+P)、配合饲料50%+鱼糜25%+南瓜25%(FF+TF+P)4种饵料对3种不同规格红螯螯虾(9 g,15 g和21 g)生长的影响。结果表明:(1)使用市售南美白对虾配合饲养60 d后,红螯螯虾雄性雌化率为(34.1±6.9)%,显著高于投喂罗氏沼虾饲料组(9.8±4.1)%(p<0.05);(2)在小规格红螯螯虾养殖实验中,投喂FF+TF+P组增重率和特定生长率最高,FF和FF+P组次之,配合饲料+鱼糜组最低(p<0.05);(3)在中规格和大规格红螯螯虾养殖中,投喂FF+TF+P组和FF+P组增重率和特定生长率最高,显著高于投喂FF组和FF+TF组(p<0.05)。上述结果表明,红螯螯虾对植物性饲料需求较高,且随个体生长,其对植物性饵料比例逐渐增加。本研究为红鳌鳌虾专用配合饲料的研发提供理论依据。

In order to screen the suitable diet of Cherax quadricarinatus,the effects of two formula feeds on sex reversal rate were compared firstly,then the effects of four different diets including formula feed(FF),formula feed 70%+surimi 30%(FF+TF),formula feed 70%+pumpkin 30%(FF+P)and formula feed 50%+surimi 25%+pumpkin 25%(FF+TF+P)on growth of three-size shrimps(about 9,15,and 21 g)were studied by using growth parameter.The results were as follows:(1)After 60 days of feeding with the commercially available Penaeus vannamei.The ratio of sex reversal from male to female was significant higher in shrimps fed with formula feed of Litopenaeus vannamei than that of Macrobrachium rosenbergii(34.1±6.9)%vs.(9.8±4.1)%(p<0.05);(2)In the culture experiment of small-specification Cherax quadricarinatus,the weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR)were all the highest in shrimps fed with formula feed(FF)+surimi(TF)+pumpkin(P),followed by groups fed by FF+P and FF,and the groups fed FF+TF were the lowest(p<0.05);(3)In middle and big-specification Cherax quadricarinatus,the WGR and SGR were the highest in shrimps fed with FF+TF+P and FF+P,and significant differences were found comparing with FF and FF+TF groups(p<0.05).These results suggested that Cherax quadricarinatus has high demand for plant food,and the feeding ratio of plant was increase as shrimp growth.This study provided a theoretical basis for the research and development of special feed for Cherax quadricarinatus.