废旧橡胶轮胎的再利用研究进展

Progress in recycling of waste rubber tires

随着我国汽车工业的快速发展,废旧橡胶轮胎的产生越来越多,对环境造成极大污染,因此,对废旧橡胶轮胎进行处理及进一步深加工和再利用,成为世界各国橡胶工业的重点研究课题之一。综述了目前国内外废旧橡胶轮胎的二次加工处理和再利用途径,如旧轮胎翻新、制备胶粉、胶粒等再生胶原料,重点介绍了废旧橡胶轮胎的降解处理方法(主要包括热裂解和微波裂解等)与注意事项,尤其利用反式聚异戊二烯橡胶轮胎和合成天然橡胶轮胎热处理后的碳材料制备成新能源锂(离子)电池阳极材料,电池的首次放电容量分别达567、492 mAh/g,远远高于商品化的石墨电极材料(372 mAh/g),为废旧橡胶轮胎的再利用提供了一条有意义的途径。

More and more waste rubber tires are produced with the rapid development of China’s automobile industry,which causes great pollution to the environment.So how to deal with and reuse waste rubber tires has become one of the key research topics in rubber industry of the world.In this paper,the processing and reuse of waste rubber tires at home and abroad,such as retrofitting of old tires,preparation of rubber powder or particles and regenerated rubber,etc.are reviewed in detail.The degradation treatment methods of waste rubber tires(including thermal pyrolysis and microwave degradation etc.)are emphatically introduced herein.In particular,the pyrolysis carbon materials by heat treatment of trans-polyisoprene rubber tires and synthetic natural rubber tires are introduced herein.Meanwhile,the lithium(ion)batteries are fabricated.The first discharge capacities of the above two batteries are 567 and 492 mAh/g,respectively,which is much higher than that of the commercial graphite electrode material(372 mAh/g).This provides a meaningful way for the reuse of waste rubber tires.