高速钢刀具激光熔覆WC/Co涂层工艺研究及性能验证

Technology Research and Performance Verification of Laser Cladding WC/Co Coating on High Speed Steel Tool

针对高速钢刀具在高速切削、高硬材料切削时硬度及红硬性不足的问题,采用激光熔覆技术在M2高速钢车刀上制备WC/Co熔覆层以改善刀具性能。研究了不同预加工形貌对熔覆层的影响,对熔覆过程中车刀刃倾角角度差异性问题提出了解决方法,并对熔覆后刀具进行了实际切削性能验证。结果表明,预置坡口熔覆为相对理想的预加工形貌,所得熔覆层的显微硬度较车刀基体提高了近57%,600℃时熔覆层红硬性提高了0.25倍,且熔覆层在1 000℃时红硬性达到了50 HRC以上,设计专用熔覆翻转夹具可以有效的调整刀具刃倾角角度。熔覆后车刀在高硬材料和高速切削中展现出优良的实用性能。

In view of the shortage of hardness and red hardness of high speed steel tool in high-speed cutting and high-hard material cutting, WC/Co coatings is fabricated on the surface of high speed steel turning tool by using laser cladding technology to improve tool performance. The influence of different pre-processing morphology on the cladding layer is studied, the method to solve the problem of the inconsistency of the turning edge angle in the process of cladding is put forward, and the actual cutting performance of the coated tool is verified. The results show that the pre-laid groove cladding is a reasonable pre-processing morphology, the micro-hardness of the cladding layer is 57% higher than of the turning tool substrate, at 600 ℃ the red hardness of the cladding layer is 0.25 times higher than that of the turning tool substrate, and at 1 000 ℃ the red hardness reaches more than 50 HRC. the design of special cladding flip fixture can effectively adjust the angle of tool edge angle. The cladding turning tool shows excellent practical performance in high-hard material cutting and high-speed cutting.