腰方肌阻滞研究进展

Research advances in quadratus lumborum block

超声引导下腰方肌阻滞(quadratus lumborum block,QLB)是一种较新的躯干阻滞方法,可为多种下肢、腹部及腰椎手术提供良好的术后镇痛.作为多模式镇痛的重要组成部分,QLB操作简便、效果确切,具有广阔的临床应用前景.然而,目前国内麻醉医师对该阻滞的认识尚不足并有待提高.文章从腰方肌和胸腰筋膜的解剖基础、QLB的作用机制、局部麻醉药的用量、5种入路方式和相应的阻滞范围、临床应用及并发症等方面对超声引导下QLB技术进行综述.

Ultrasound guided quadratus lumborum block(QLB)is a new emerging trunk block which can be used as an adjunct analgesic measure in many lower extremity,abdominal and lumbar surgery.As an important constituent part of multimodal analgesia,ultrasound guided QLB is an easily performed technique with definitely analgesic effect,which has bright prospects in clinical application.However,the understanding of QLB of anesthesiologist in our country is not sufficient and still needs to be improved.This review focuses on the anatomy of quadratus lumborum and thoracolumbar fascia,the possible mechanism,dose of local anesthetics,5 different approaches and associated dermatome block area,clinical application as well as the complications of ultrasound guided QLB technique.