基于行为改变理论的健康教育对脑卒中患者康复锻炼依从性的影响

Effects of health education based on behavior change wheel theory on functional exercise compliance of stroke patients

目的探讨基于行为改变理论的健康教育对脑卒中患者康复锻炼依从性的影响。方法采用目的抽样法,选取2018年6月—2019年4月在北京世纪坛医院住院的脑卒中患者70例为研究对象。按照住院号奇偶分为对照组和观察组各35例。最终纳入对照组30例,观察组32例。对照组给予常规健康宣教,出院后常规随访;观察组在此基础上给予基于行为改变理论的健康教育。出院3个月后,比较两组患者的锻炼依从性和对护理的满意度。结果干预前,两组患者康复锻炼依从性各维度得分及总分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组患者康复锻炼依从性各维度得分及总分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组非常满意8例,满意18例,不满意4例,满意度86.7%;观察组非常满意22例,满意10例,满意度100%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于行为改变理论的健康教育能够提高脑卒中患者的康复锻炼依从性和护理满意度,有利于患者的功能康复,值得临床推广。

Objective To explore the effects of health education based on behavioral change wheel theory on functional exercise compliance of stroke patients.Methods Using convenience sampling method,we selected 70 stroke patients hospitalized in Beijing Shijitan Hospital from June 2018 to April 2019 as the research object,and divided them into control group and observation group according to the odd and even number of hospitalization,with 35 cases in each.Finally,30 cases were included in the control group and 32 cases in the observation group.The control group was given routine health education and routine follow-up after discharge.The observation group was given health education based on the theory of behavioral change wheel.Three months after discharge,exercise compliance and satisfaction with nursing were compared between the two groups.Results Before intervention,there was no significant difference in the scores of each dimension and total score of functional exercise compliance between the two groups(P>0.05).After intervention,the scores of each dimension and total score of functional exercise compliance in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There were 8 very satisfied cases,18 satisfied cases and 4 unsatisfied cases in the control group,and the satisfied rate was 86.7%.There were 22 very satisfied cases and10 satisfied cases in the observation group,and the satisfied rate was100%.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions Health education based on behavioral change wheel theory can improve functional exercise compliance and nursing satisfaction of stroke patients,and is conducive to functional rehabilitation of patients,which is worthy of clinical promotion.