蜂窝芯复杂曲面五轴联动数控加工几何误差建模及补偿技术

Research on Geometric Error Modeling and Compensation Technology of Five-Linkage NC Machining of Honeycomb Core Complex Surface

以蜂窝芯加工专用的六轴桥式龙门超声切削加工机床为研究对象,基于多体系统理论和齐次坐标变换,建立数控机床空间误差模型,根据机床结构和各零部件间的相对位置关系,对机床的各项几何误差进行建模分析,建立各零部件的子误差矩阵及整体误差变换矩阵,并对蜂窝芯复杂曲面指定加工位置的几何误差进行了求解.最后采用NC代码补偿法对机床几何误差进行补偿,通过比较补偿前后的误差值证明补偿后可大幅度减小误差,满足零件加工需求,同时此项补偿技术对后续其他类型误差的研究和补偿有很好的借鉴意义.

Aiming at the six-axis bridge gantry altrasonic machine tool dedicated to honeycomb core processing,the spatial error model of CNC machine tool was established based on multi-body system theory and homogeneous coordinate transformation.According to the relative positional relationship between the machine structure and each component,the geometric error of the machine tool was modeled and analyzed.The sub-error matrix and overall error transformation matrix for each component were established,and the geometric error of the specified machining position of the honeycomb core complex surface was solved.Finally,the NC code compensation method was used to compensate the geometric error of the machine tool.By comparing the error values before and after compensation,it is proved that the error is greatly reduced after the compensation,and the machining requirements of the parts can be satisfied.The compensation technology has a good reference on the research and compensation for other types of errors.