三甲医院临床护士工作成瘾现状及其影响因素分析

Analysis on the status quo and influencing factors of workaholism of clinical nurses in ClassⅢGrade A hospitals

目的调查三甲医院临床护士工作成瘾、组织过度工作氛围、成就动机现状,并三甲医院临床护士工作成瘾的影响因素。方法采用方便抽样法于2018年8—10月选取浙江省2所三甲医院的临床护士作为研究对象,使用一般资料调查表、护士工作成瘾量表、过度工作氛围量表和成就动机量表进行问卷调查。使用SPSS 20.0统计学软件进行统计描述、单因素分析和多重线性回归分析。本研究共发放问卷750份,回收有效问卷687份,有效问卷回收率为91.6%。结果687名三甲医院临床护士工作成瘾得分为(59.11±13.59)分,组织过度工作氛围得分为(29.14±5.72)分,成就动机量表中追求成功动机维度得分为(2.79±0.65)分,避免失败动机维度得分为(2.58±0.61)分。单因素分析结果显示,过度工作氛围、追求成功、避免失败、性别、文化程度、职称、人事关系和子女数有可能影响临床护士的工作成瘾水平(P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,追求成功动机、组织过度工作氛围、合同制人事关系和文化程度可影响工作成瘾水平(P<0.05)。结论医院管理者应关注护士的工作成瘾倾向,对于有明显工作成瘾倾向的护士,应采取措施将其工作成瘾控制在一个恰当的水平,以利于医院的长期稳定发展。

Objective To investigate the workaholism,organization overwork climate and achievement motives of clinical nurses in ClassⅢGrade A hospitals,and to explore the influencing factors of workaholism.Methods From August to October 2018,we selected clinical nurses from two ClassⅢGrade A hospitals in Zhejiang Province by convenience sampling as subjects.The investigation was carried out with the General Information Questionnaire,Work Addiction Scale for Nurses,Overwork Climate Questionnaire and the Achievement Motives Scale(AMS).The SPSS 20.0 was used to statistical description,simple correlation and multiple linear regression.A total of 750 questionnaires were sent out and 687 of them were collected with 91.6%for the effective recovery rate.Results Among 687 clinical nurses of ClassⅢGrade A hospitals,the scores of workaholism,organization overwork climate,pursuing success motive dimension and avoiding failure in AMS were(59.11±13.59),(29.14±5.72),(2.79±0.65)and(2.58±0.61)respectively.Simple correlation showed that the correlated factors of workaholism of clinical nurses included overwork climate,pursuing success,avoiding failure,genders,education levels,titles,personal connection and number of children(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression found that the influencing factors of workaholism were pursuing success motive,organization overwork climate,contract system personal connection and education levels(P<0.05).Conclusions Hospital managers should pay attention to nurses'tendency of workaholism and take measures to control workaholism of nurses with obvious workaholism tendency in an appropriate level so as to promote the long-term and stable hospital development.