绿茶冰块含化预防鼻咽癌放疗患者口腔黏膜炎的效果观察

Effects of buccal green tea ice on preventing oral mucositis in patients undergoing radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

目的观察绿茶冰块含化对鼻咽癌放疗引起的放射性口腔黏膜炎的防治效果。方法本研究采用单盲、类实验研究设计,采用方便抽样法于2014年4月—2018年4月选取就诊于泰州市人民医院肿瘤科,经病理组织学或细胞学确诊为鼻咽癌的160例患者,随机分成对照组(n=41)、冰块含化组(n=40)、绿茶含漱组(n=40)、绿茶冰块含化组(n=39)。于放射治疗开始,对照组给予常规护理,冰块含化组予以冰块含化,绿茶含漱组予以绿茶含漱,绿茶冰块含化组予以绿茶冰块含化。比较四组患者的口腔黏膜反应发生情况及疼痛分级情况。结果对照组、冰块含化组、绿茶含漱组、绿茶冰块含化组放疗结束后的口腔黏膜炎反应发生率分别为85.37%、97.50%、92.50%和79.49%;放疗结束后1周,对照组、冰块含化组、绿茶含漱组、绿茶冰块含化组的口腔黏膜炎发生率分别为100.00%、72.50%、77.50%及66.67%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。放疗完成后1周,4组的疼痛水平比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中对照组发生疼痛41例(100.0%),冰块组35例(87.5%),绿茶组39例(97.5%),绿茶冰块组26例(66.7%)。结论绿茶冰块含化能有效减轻鼻咽癌放疗患者的口腔黏膜严重程度,缓减患者疼痛,改善患者的临床症状,可以有效预防鼻咽癌放疗引起的放射性口腔黏膜炎。

Objective To observe the effects of buccal green tea ice on preventing and controlling radioactive oral mucositis caused by radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods In this single-blind quasi-experiment,totally 160 patients diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma by histopathology or cytology and treated in the Department of Oncology,Taizhou People's Hospital from April 2014 to April 2018 were selected by convenient sampling and randomized into control(n=41),buccal ice(n=40),green tea mouthwash(n=40)and buccal green ice tea(n=39)groups.Since radiotherapy,patients in the control group received conventional nursing care;patients in the buccal ice group received buccal ice;patients in the green tea mouthwash group received green tea mouthwash;and patients in the buccal green tea ice group received buccal green tea ice.The incidence of oral mucosa response and pain grading were compared among the four groups.Results The incidence rates of oral mucosa response after radiotherapy were 85.37%,97.50%,92.50%and 79.49%in control,buccal ice,green tea mouthwash and buccal green ice tea groups.The incidence rates of oral mucosa response 1 week after radiotherapy were 100.00%,72.50%,77.50%and 66.67%in control,buccal ice,green tea mouthwash and buccal green ice tea groups and there was statistically significant difference between the four groups(P<0.05).There was statistically significant difference in the pain levels 1 week after radiotherapy between the four groups(P<0.05).Totally 41 cases(100.0%)in the control group,35(87.5%)in the ice group,39(97.5%)in the green tea group and 26(66.7%)in the buccal green tea ice group suffered pain 1 week after radiotherapy.Conclusions Buccal green tea ice can effectively alleviate the severity of oral mucositis in patients undergoing radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma,reduce their pain,ameliorate their clinical symptoms,and prevent radioactive oral mucositis caused by nasopharyngeal carcinoma.