中学生应对方式与校园欺凌、被欺凌之间的关系

Relationship between Coping Style and School Bullying and Being Bullied in Middle School Students

目的了解江西省中学生应对方式与校园欺凌、被欺凌之间的关系,为校园伤害的防控提供依据。方法以江西省内3所中学(南昌大学附属中学、临川第二中学和崇仁县第二中学)的7129名中学生作为研究对象,使用一般情况调查表、中学生应对方式问卷和Olweus欺负问卷进行问卷调查。结果中学生参与校园欺凌的总报告率为21.5%,其中仅欺凌的报告率为2.7%,仅被欺凌的报告率为13.7%。女生寻求支持和发泄情绪的得分均高于男生(均P<0.01),而男生忍耐得分高于女生(P<0.01);除寻求支持外,高中生积极应对与消极应对各因子得分均高于初中生(均P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,寻求支持是发生欺凌行为的保护因素(OR寻求支持=0.920,95%CI 0.883~0.958,P<0.001),发泄情绪是发生欺凌行为的危险因素(OR发泄情绪=1.143,95%CI 1.074~1.217,P<0.001),而忍耐、幻想/否认均会增加被欺凌行为的发生风险(OR忍耐=1.055,95%CI 1.022~1.089,P<0.001;OR幻想/否认=1.030,95%CI 1.005~1.056,P=0.020)。结论加强中学生积极应对方式的教育对于校园欺凌相关行为的防控可能具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the relationship between coping style and school bullying and being bullied among middle school students in Jiangxi Province;and to provide a basis for the prevention and control of campus injuries.Methods A total of 7129 middle school students from 3 middle schools(Middle School Attached to Nanchang University;Linchuan Second Middle School and Chongren Second Middle School)were surveyed using the general questionnaire,coping style questionnaire and Olweus bullying questionnaire.Results The overall reporting rate of school bullying was 21.5%among the middle school students(reporting rates of bullying and being bullied were 2.7%and 13.7%;respectively).The scores of seeking support and venting in girls were higher than those in boys(P<0.01),while the score of endurance in boys was higher than that in girls(P<0.01).Except seeking support,the scores of positive coping and negative coping in senior middle school students were higher than those in junior middle school students(P<0.01).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that seeking support was a protective factor for bullying behaviors(OR=0.920,95%CI 0.883-0.958,P<0.001)and venting emotion was a risk factor for bullying behaviors(OR=1.143,95%CI 1.074-1.217,P<0.001).In addition,both endurance and fantasy/denial increased the risk of being bullied(OR=1.055,95%CI 1.022~1.089,P<0.001;OR fantasy/denial=1.030,95%CI 1.005~1.056,P=0.020).Conclusion Strengthening the positive coping style education may be of great significance for the prevention and control of bullying-related behaviors in middle school students.