阅读干预:促进学前流动儿童心理弹性发展的有效途径

Promoting Resilience of Preschool Migrant Children by Picture-book Reading Intervention

提升学前流动儿童的心理弹性对促进其健康成长具有重要意义。本研究从以流动儿童为主的两所幼儿园中选取167名流动儿童为研究对象,对其中的干预组实施为期16周的阅读干预。借助修改后的《德弗罗克斯学前儿童评估量表第二版》探讨干预效果,结果发现在干预前,干预组在依恋/关系上的表现显著差于对照组;在接受干预后,干预组的心理弹性总分及各维度得分都显著高于对照组,同时干预组心理弹性各维度随着时间推移都得到了极显著的改善。学前流动儿童的心理弹性具有可塑性,图画书阅读干预是改善学前流动儿童心理弹性的经济而有效的重要途径,教师和家长可以基于图画书治疗过程,在日常的教育教学或者亲子互动中,根据儿童在心理弹性方面的不足,选取包含相应心理弹性要素且适宜儿童阅读的图画书,开展有针对性的师幼或亲子共读,帮助儿童掌握问题解决策略和方法,促进其心理弹性发展。

The study examined the effectiveness of a picture-book reading intervention program on promoting resilience of preschool migrant children.Participants were 167 migrant children from two kindergartens,which mainly recruit migrant children.Children were divided into two groups,with 82 in the intervention group and 85 in the control group.A 16-week reading intervention program was prescribed to the intervention group while the control group was without any intervention.The revised Devereux Early Childhood Assessment for Preschoolers-Second Edition(DECAP-2)was used to investigate the effectiveness of the intervention.Findings showed that before the intervention,the intervention group performed poorer than the control group in the Attachment/Relationships sub-scale.However,after intervention,the intervention group did significantly better in the total scale and all the three sub-scales.At the same time,all aspects of resilience of the intervention group’s children significantly improved.Findings indicated that it is possible to promote migrant children’s resilience during early years and picture-book reading invention is one of the economical and effective ways to improve their resilience.