普惠性民办幼儿园教育质量评估与提升策略——基于对C市15所幼儿园的调查数据分析

Assessment and Promotion Strategy of Educational Quality in Inclusive Private Kindergartens——Based on the Investigation and Analysis of 15 Kindergartens in C City

大力发展普惠性幼儿园和提高幼儿园保教质量是深化我国学前教育事业发展的重要举措,也是满足人民群众对优质学前教育需求的重要途径。本研究以C市15所普惠性民办幼儿园的29个班级作为样本,运用ECERS-R量表和CIS量表评估其结构质量、学习环境质量和师幼互动质量,结果显示C市普惠性民办幼儿园教育质量总体不理想,其中师幼互动质量相对较好,结构质量一般,学习环境质量和正向师幼互动表现较差;不同地域普惠性民办幼儿园教育质量差异显著,县城和农村显著低于市区;不同等级普惠性民办幼儿园教育质量无显著差异;教师待遇是影响学习环境质量的关键因素,教师学历是影响师幼互动质量的首要因素。为了提升普惠性民办幼儿园的教育质量,应进一步强化政府职责,加大对普惠性民办幼儿园的投入;建立质量监测与评估体系,加强对普惠性民办幼儿园教育过程质量的监管;优化幼儿园教师培养和培训体系,提高幼儿园教师专业素养;强化家长和社区参与,为普惠性民办幼儿园创设良好的外部支持环境。

Vigorously developing inclusive private kindergartens and improving the quality of education are important measures to deepen the development of preschool education in China,and also important ways to meet people’s demand for high quality preschool education.In this study,29 classes of 15 inclusive private kindergartens in C city were selected as samples,and education quality of them was studied from the aspects of kindergarten structure,learning environment and teacher-child interaction by using the ECERS-R scale and CIS scale as assessment tools.The results show that education quality is not ideal in C city in general,among which the quality of teacher-child interaction is relatively good,and structural quality is general,while learning environment quality and positive teacher-child interaction quality are poor.From different regions,the education quality of inclusive private kindergartens in country is obviously lower than that of city.In terms of different grades,there is no significant difference in the quality of inclusive private kindergartens.According to factor analysis,teachers’treatment is the key factor influencing learning environment quality and teachers’educational background is the primary factor influencing teacher-child interaction quality.Therefore,in order to improve the quality of kindergarten education,the government should further strengthen its responsibility,increase investment in inclusive private kindergartens,set up the quality monitoring and assessment system to strengthen process quality supervision.Besides,optimizing the nurturing and training system of preschool teachers,improving the professional quality of preschool teachers,strengthening participation of parents and communities,and creating a good external support environment for inclusive private kindergartens are needed.