服务贸易国际竞争力及影响因素的理论和实证——基于中国和印度的比较分析

The theory and empirical analysis of international competitiveness of service trade and its influencing factors——Based on the comparative analysis between China and India

利用服务贸易国际竞争力指数对中国和印度的服务贸易竞争力水平进行测算和比较,并对其影响因素进行理论和实证分析。结果表明:虽然中国的服务贸易总量及增速超过印度,但从分行业的国际竞争力指标上看,中国的服务贸易竞争力比印度低,缺乏带领服务贸易整体竞争力提升的优势产业,整体竞争处于劣势;人力资本条件、市场需求条件、货物贸易出口额、服务业的开放程度以及汇率变化均对服务贸易国际竞争力产生显著的正效应,而汇率的波动带来的环境影响则不利于服务贸易国际竞争力的提升。据此提出了中国服务贸易进一步提升的对策建议。

This paper uses the international competitiveness index of service trade to measure and compare the competitiveness level of service trade between China and India,and analyzes the influencing factors theoretically and empirically.The results show that although the total volume and growth rate of China′s service trade exceed that of India,the competitiveness of China′s service trade is lower than that of India in terms of international competitiveness indicators of different industries.China lacks the advantageous industries that lead the overall competitiveness of service trade,which reflects the overall competitive disadvantage.Human capital conditions,market demand conditions,development of trade in goods,market openness of service industry and the change of exchange rate all have significant positive effects on the international competitiveness of service trade,while the environmental impact of exchange rate fluctuations is not conducive to the improvement of the international competitiveness of service trade.Finally,according to the conclusion of the study,the countermeasures and suggestions for further improvement of China′s service trade are put forward.