狗屁工作、劳动分工与后工作的可能

Bullshit Jobs, Division of Labor and Postwork Future

美国人类学家大卫·格雷伯指出,发达国家的很多人都在从事没有意义、对社会毫无益处的狗屁工作。这些工作耗费人的精力,损害人的心灵,同时也增加了社会的总工作量,让人们的工作时间有增无减。因此,他呼吁消灭这些狗屁工作。文章结合调查问卷和访谈对这一观点进行了评述,指出:几乎所有工作的从业者都有可能自认为在造福社会,认为自己的工作存在意义,因此从主观感受定义的狗屁工作概念难以成立,但客观上狗屁工作的确存在,且大多数人对工作不满的事实也不容忽视,因此在消灭狗屁工作的同时,也要挑战工作意识形态--"所有工作都是好的",同时对工作内容和劳动分工进行更为合理的组织,最终消灭异化劳动,走向后工作的未来。

David Graeber,an American anthropologist,points out that many people in developed countries are doing bullshit jobs that are meaningless and have no benefit to society.These jobs consume people′s energy and damage the human mind.At the same time,they also increase the total workload of the society and increase working hours.So Graeber calls for the elimination of these jobs.This paper makes use of questionnaires and interviews,and points out that almost all practitioners of all jobs may think that they are benefiting society and their jobs are meaningful,therefore,the concept of bullshit jobs defined by subjective feelings is untenable.But objectively,bullshit jobs do exist,and the fact that most people are dissatisfied with work cannot be ignored.Therefore,this article believes that while bullshit jobs should be eliminated,the ideology that″all work is good″should also be challenged.What′s more,the work content and the division of labor should be rationally organized,so that we can eventually eliminate the alienated labor and move towards the post-work future.