基于区块链的医疗信息安全存储模型

Medical Information Security Storage Model Based on Blockchain Technology

我国医疗信息化的现状显示,传统的电子数据模式在医疗信息存储方面存在以下两个问题:1)电子数据规范性较差,流通慢;2)电子数据安全性和隐私性易受到威胁。针对各个医疗信息系统之间存在的信息存储安全问题和信息间的共享问题,结合区块链的共识机制、加密机制、点对点网络等技术,提出了一种基于区块链的信息管理方案来实现医疗信息的存储和共享,该方案具有不可篡改、去中心化等特点。通过改进的拜占庭协议实现网络节点的共识,通过访问控制机制达成医疗信息的共享,通过区块链来保存医疗信息的公共信息,而就诊的真实数据被加密保存在数据库或者云中,方便且有效地实现了敏感医疗数据的存储和系统之间的信息共享。在联盟链的环境下选取若干网络节点进行性能测试,实验结果表明,所提方案在防篡改、隐私保护等安全保护方面和吞吐量等性能方面具有较好的表现。此外,所提方案提出的索引机制能够实现快速检索,提高检索效率。通过搭建测试网络,证明了所提方案在医疗信息存储方面的可行性。所提方案利用区块链技术进行去中心化和不可篡改的管理,能够极大地提高医疗服务效率,提升医疗服务质量,为进一步研究区块链底层技术和探索区块链技术在医疗信息领域的应用奠定了良好的基础。

According to the status quo of medical informationization in China,the traditional electronic data model has the following problems in information storage.Firstly,electronic data have poor standardization and slow circulation.Secondly,electronic data security and privacy are threatened.Aiming at the security problem of information storage and the sharing of information between medical information systems,combined with the consensus mechanism of blockchain,encryption mechanism and peer-to-peer network,a blockchain-based information management scheme was proposed to realize the storage and sharing of medical information,which is non-tamperable and decentralized.The consensus of the network nodes is realized through the improved Byzantine protocol,the medical information is shared through the access control mechanism,the public information of the medical information is saved through the blockchain,and the real data of the medical treatment is encrypted and stored in the database or the cloud,which conveniently and effectively implements the storage of sensitive medical data and the sharing of information between systems.In the environment of the alliance chain,several network nodes are selected for security and performance testing.The experimental analysis shows that the proposed scheme has better performance in terms of security protection such as tamper resistance,privacy protection and throughput.In addition,the indexing mechanism proposed in this scheme can achieve fast retrieval and improve retrieval efficiency.By establishing a test network,the feasibility of this program in medical information storage is proved.The decentralized and non-tamperable management of the program using the blockchain can greatly improve the efficiency and the quality of medical services.It lays a good foundation for further research on the bottom technology of block chain and for exploring the application of block chain technology in the field of medical information.