减振轨道对地铁车辆动力学性能的影响研究

Effect of Different Vibration Damping Tracks on Dynamic Performance of Metro Vehicles

为研究地铁A型车辆在不同等级减振轨道上行车时的动力学特性,基于车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论,以深圳地铁某线路实际铺设的不同等级减振轨道为研究对象,建立考虑不同等级减振轨道的地铁A型车辆-轨道垂向耦合动力学模型,采用数值仿真的方法分析不同等级减振轨道下车辆-轨道耦合系统的动力学特性。结果表明:相对于铺设其他两种等级减振轨道,铺设高等和特殊减振轨道时车体的垂向振动加速度均方根值增幅超过30%,车体垂向Sperling平稳性指标增幅超过5%;钢轨垂向位移增加明显且钢轨垂向位移的标准差增加了约3倍。主要结论为:采用高等级减振轨道会一定程度恶化车辆动力学性能和乘客乘车环境,在实际选取不同等级减振轨道时应综合考虑地铁车辆的行车动力学性能。

To study the dynamic characteristics of A-type metro vehicles running on vibration damping tracks of different grades, a vertical coupled dynamic vehicle-track model is established in consideration of vibration damping tracks of different grades with reference to the vibration damping tracks placed on a line of Shenzhen metro based on the vehicle-track coupled dynamics. The dynamic characteristics of vehicle-track coupled system on damping tracks of different vibration are analyzed by numerical simulation. The results show that the root mean square of vertical vibration acceleration of car body will increase over 30%, the vertical Sperling of car body will increase over 5%, and the vertical displacement of rail will increase obviously and the standard deviation of vertical displacement of rail will increase by more than 3 times with the adoption of high grade special vibration damping tracks. The main conclusions are as follows: the dynamic performance of vehicle and the riding environment tend to be deteriorated to a certain extent with the adoption of high and special vibration damping tracks. Thus, the dynamic performance of metro vehicles should be considered comprehensively in selecting different vibration damping tracks.