肥料“一减一增”对小白菜产量·品质及土壤养分含量的影响

Effect of "One Decrease and One Increase" of Fertilizers on Yield,Quality and Soil Nutrient Content of Chinese Cabbage

开展化肥减量增施有机肥对小白菜产量、品质和土壤养分含量的影响,以期为指导该地区推广应用有机肥部分替代化肥技术提供科学依据。结果表明,肥料“一减一增”对小白菜的产量、品质及土壤养分含量有明显的影响,随着有机肥含量的增加,小白菜的产量先降后增,纯施有机肥的处理小白菜产量最高,比对照极显著增产32.04%;增施有机肥可改善小白菜的品质,特别是亚硝酸盐含量变化显著,比对照降低55.6%~97.8%。增施有机肥土壤有机质含量增加,硝态氮含量降低,有效磷及有效钾含量高于对照。说明有机肥对提高小白菜产量、改善小白菜品质、改良和提质土壤都有很好的促进作用。试验后土壤中养分含量总体水平较高,土壤酸化,建议采用配方施肥方法科学施肥。

In order to provide scientific basis for promoting the application of technology of partial replacement of chemical fertilizer by organic fertilizer in the region,the effect of reducing chemical fertilizer and adding organic manure on the yield,quality and soil nutrient content of Chinese cabbage was carried out.The results showed that fertilizer"one decrease and one increase"had a significant effect on the yield,quality and soil nutrient content of Chinese cabbage.With the increase of organic fertilizer content,the output of Chinese cabbage"dropped first and then increased",and the net organic fertilizer had the highest yield of Chinese cabbage.The increase of 32.04%was significantly higher than the control;Increased application of organic fertilizer could improve the quality of cabbage,especially the variation of nitrite content,which was 55.6%-97.8%lower than the control.The content of organic matter in soil increased,the content of nitrate decreased,and the content of effective phosphorus and potassium was higher than that of control.It showed that organic fertilizer had a good effect on improving the yield,quality of Chinese cabbage and soil quality.According to the high level of nutrient content and acidification in soil after the test,it was recommended to use formula fertilization method.