脑小血管病诊治的研究进展

Progress in Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

脑小血管病是导致卒中和认知功能障碍的主要原因,严重影响患者的生活质量。目前对脑小血管病的诊断仍依赖于其临床表现(包括脑卒中样表现、认知障碍和步态不稳)以及影像学特征(包括近期皮质下小梗死、假定血管源性的腔隙灶、假定血管源性的白质高信号、血管周围间隙、脑微出血和脑萎缩)。脑小血管病的治疗也是针对临床表现(如卒中、认知障碍等)进行治疗,但目前缺少明确的诊断标准以及针对性治疗方法。因此,明确的诊断标准和治疗方法对临床上脑小血管病的早期诊断及治疗有重要意义。

Cerebral small vessel disease is the main cause of stroke and cognitive impairment,which seriously affects people′s quality of life.At present,the diagnosis of cerebral small vessel disease still depends on its clinical manifestations,including stroke-like manifestations,cognitive impairment and gait instability,as well as imaging features,including recent subcortical infarction,hypothetical angiogenic lacunar foci,hypothetical vascular white matter hyperintensity,perivascular space,cerebral microhemorrhage and cerebral atrophy.The treatment of cerebral small vascular disease is also aimed at clinical manifestations such as stroke,cognitive impairment and so on,lacking of clear diagnostic criteria and targeted treatment.Therefore,clear diagnostic criteria and treatment methods are of great significance for the early diagnosis and treatment of cerebral small vascular disease.