施用高金属含量猪粪对荔枝果品质量的影响

Effect of Application of Pig Manure with High Contents of Metals on the Quality of Litchi Fruit

【目的】集约化养殖禽畜粪的高金属残留可能引起的农产品质量安全问题受到人们的关注。研究明确禽畜粪中金属对荔枝果实品质及金属含量的影响,为粪肥在荔枝上的合理安全施用提供参考。【方法】2015-2018年连续3年以不同用量(0、20、40、80 kg/株)在荔枝上施用金属(Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn)含量较高的养殖场猪粪,探讨荔枝叶片光合作用和果实品质及金属含量变化,从荔枝果品质量角度探讨施用粪肥的安全性。【结果】即使猪粪中含有数百至数千mg/kg的Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn,连续施用猪粪对荔枝叶片光合作用和果实品质(果肉pH、可溶性糖和可滴定酸含量、糖酸比、风味氨基酸及总游离氨基酸含量)均没有明显一致的影响,果肉4种金属含量也未随粪肥用量及施用年限的增加而提高。【结论】连续3年以较高量施用含有较高含量金属的粪肥,并未产生荔枝果实质量安全问题。

【Objective】The potential quality security of agricultural products caused by high metal residues produced by intensive pig breeding is widely concerned.This study aims to reveal the influence of metals in pig manure on fruit quality and metal concentrations in litchi,and provide references for the reasonable and safe application of animal manure in litchi.【Method】Successive field experiment was carried out to investigate the role of pig manure bearing Fe,Mn,Cu and Zn on leaf photosynthesis and fruit quality of litchi during 2015-2018.Pig manures were applied at the rates of 0,20,40 and 80 kg per plant each year.The security of manure application in litchi was discussed from the perspective of litchi fruit quality.【Result】Continuous application of pig manure did not impact leaf photosynthesis and fruit quality including pulp pH,contents of soluble sugar and titratable acid,sugar acid ratio,flavor amino acid and total free amino acid.And,Fe,Mn,Cu and Zn contents in litchi pulp were not increased by increased manure rate and application time,even their contents in the manure were high up to hundreds to thousands of mg per kg.【Conclusion】It suggests that repeated application of pig manure containing high contents of metals for three consecutive years does not bring about fruit quality and security risks in litchi.