核酸适配体生物传感技术在沙门氏菌定量检测中的应用

Application of Aptamer Biosensor Technology in the Quantitative Detection of Salmonella

沙门氏菌是一种重要的人畜共患病病原菌,在世界各地的食物中毒中,该菌引起的中毒事件数量位居前列。目前,基于抗原/抗体、核酸适配体、细胞等传感元件的生物传感技术已被广泛应用于沙门氏菌的定量检测中。其中,核酸适配体是一种短的核酸序列,具有特异性强、亲和力高、合成速度快、重现性好、修饰方便等优点。核酸适配体的这些优点可能会取代抗体,成为分析领域中的潜在识别探针。因此,核酸适配体生物传感技术在沙门氏菌定量检测中具有独特优势。主要综述了核酸适配体生物传感技术在沙门氏菌定量检测中的应用研究。首先对沙门氏菌及其常用检测方法进行简单介绍,其次介绍沙门氏菌核酸适配体的SELEX筛选方法,重点对基于核酸适配体的比色、荧光、表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)、电化学等生物传感技术在沙门氏菌定量检测中的应用进行详细论述,最后对核酸适配体生物传感技术应用于沙门氏菌定量检测的发展前景进行展望。

Salmonella is an important zoonotic pathogen,which leads to the highest number of food poisoning cases in the world.At present,biosensors based on antigen/antibody,aptamer,cell and other sensing elements have been widely used in the quantitative detection of Salmonella.Among them,aptamers are short nucleotide sequences which have the advantages of strong specificity,high affinity,fast synthesis,good reproducibility and convenient modification.Those advantages make it possible to be a potential for use as a recognition probe to replace antibody in the diagnostic field.Therefore,aptasensors have unique advantages in the quantitative detection of Salmonella.This paper focuses on the application of aptasensors in Salmonella detection.First,salmonella and their common detection methods were summarized.Second,Salmonella aptamer screening by SELEX was introduced.Then the application of aptasensors based on colorimetry,fluorescence,surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)and electrochemistry to detect salmonella were reviewed in detail.Finally,the development in the application of aptasensors for the quantitative detection of salmonella were previewed.