京津冀地区上市公司总部空间分布特征及影响因素

Characteristics and Influencing Factors of the Spatial Distribution of the Listed Firms′ Headquarters in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

企业作为经济活动的微观主体,在区域经济发展中扮演着重要角色,而上市公司作为优秀企业的典型代表,对京津冀一体化发展的促进作用更是不容忽视.本研究以京津冀地区上市公司为研究对象,运用标准离差椭圆分析法和相关分析法等研究上市公司总部的空间分布特征及影响因素.研究发现:(1)京津冀地区上市公司总部分布呈现出以北京为核心的单极格局,地域分布极不平衡;近20年来,京津冀地区上市公司总部分布整体上一直保持“东北-西南”的模式,重心无明显变化,空间分布趋于集聚.(2)制造业上市公司总部分布比较分散,呈“东北-西南”分布模式;房地产业上市公司总部相对集聚于北京和天津,呈“西北-东南”分布模式;信息业上市公司总部高度集聚于北京,呈“东-西”分布模式.(3)上市公司总部倾向于分布在生产性服务业发展水平高、金融业发展水平高、交通状况好、科技创新水平先进、行政级别高以及城市规模大的城市.

As micro agents of economic activities,firms play an important role in the development of regional economy.As typical representative of excellent firms,listed firms′promotion role in the integration development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region can′t be ignored.This article took listed firms in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as the research object to analyze the characteristics and the influencing factors of their spatial distribution.The research found that:First,the distribution of the listed firms′headquarters in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region presented a monopole pattern centered on Beijing.And the distribution of the listed firms′headquarters was extremely uneven.The listed firms′headquarters in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region had always maintained a"northeast-southwest"distribution pattern,with no significant changes in the center of gravity.And the distribution tended to be more agglomerated.Second,The headquarters of listed firms in manufacturing were scattered,showing a"Northeast-Southwest"distribution pattern;the headquarters of listed firms in the real estate industry were relatively concentrated in Beijing and Tianjin,showing a"Northwest-Southeast"distribution pattern;the headquarters of listed firms in the information industry were highly concentrated in Beijing,showing a"East-West"distribution pattern.Third,the listed firms′headquarters tend to be distributed in cities with high development level of productive service industry,high development level of financial industry,good traffic conditions,advanced level of scientific and technological innovation,high administrative level and large city scale.