江苏省长江干流饮用水水源地脆弱性评价及对策研究

Vulnerability Assessment and Countermeasure Research on Drinking Water Sources in the Main Stream of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province

近年来我国饮用水水源地污染事件屡有发生,水源地安全越来越受到人们的重视。文章以江苏省长江干流饮用水水源地为研究对象,利用层次分析法从水源的敏感性、危害适应力及恢复能力出发构建脆弱性评价模型,利用Arc GIS手段分析江苏省长江干流水源脆弱性空间分布规律特征并提出相应建议。结果表明:江苏省长江干流饮用水水源地中极高脆弱性水源3处占比15.8%,高脆弱性水源4处占比21.1%,中脆弱性水源7处占比36.8%,低脆弱性水源4处占比21.1%,极低脆弱性水源1处占比5.3%。根据评价结果从加强水源地规范化建设,保障河流型水源生态功能,提高城市预警应急能力等方面出发,按照各脆弱性等级提出管理意见。

In resent years,pollution incidents in drinking water sources have occurred frequently,and the safety of water sources has received more and more attention.This paper took the drinking water sources in the main stream of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province as the research object,carried out the vulnerability assessment of river-type drinking water sources,and used the analytic hierarchy process to construct the vulnerability assessment model from the sensitivity,damage adaptability and resilience of water source.Arc GIS method was used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of the water source vulnerability of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province and corresponding suggestions were proposed.The results showed that there were three extremely high-vulnerability water sources accounting for 15.8%.There were four high-vulnerability water sources,accounting for 21.1%.There were seven Medium-vulnerability water sources,accounting for 36.8%.There were four low-vulnerability water sources,accounting for 21.1%.There was one extremely low-vulnerability water source,accounting for 5.3%.From the aspects of strengthening the standardization of water source construction,ensuring the ecological function of river-type water source,and improving the urban emergency response capability,the corresponding management opinions were proposed according to the five vulnerability levels.