郑州城区PM10、PM2.5质量浓度变化特征及其对气象因子的响应

Variation Characteristics of PM10 and PM2.5 Mass Concentrations and Their Response to Meteorological Factors in Zhengzhou City

利用郑州城区9个国控监测点位PM10、PM2.5的日监测数据,研究2013~2016年间郑州城区大气颗粒物质量浓度变化特征及其对气象因素的响应。结果表明,2013~2016年间郑州城区环境空气污染总体状况改善趋势较为显著,重度及以上的污染天数占全年有效天数的比例逐年降低,PM10、PM2.5浓度逐年下降;PM10和PM2.5浓度月均值变化基本一致,浓度变化均呈"U"型分布。PM10和PM2.5质量浓度变化具有明显的季节性特征,冬季其质量浓度最高,春季和秋季次之,夏季最低。选取气温、气压、风速、相对湿度和降水量等气象因子,利用Spearman秩相关分析研究各个气象因子对大气PM10、PM2.5浓度的影响。相关性分析结果表明,与PM10、PM2.5浓度显著相关的气象因素存在季节性差异,风速、相对湿度和降雨量是影响郑州城区大气颗粒物质量浓度的主要气象因子。

Based on the daily monitoring data of PM10 and PM2.5 from 9 national monitoring sites in Zhengzhou City,mass concentration variation characteristics of particulate matters and the response to meteorological factors from 2013 to 2016 were investigated.The results showed that the overall situation of the air pollution was obviously improved during the period from 2013 to 2016 in Zhengzhou City,and the proportion of heavy and above pollution days in the whole year was decreasing year by year.The concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 decreased yearly.The monthly mean values of PM10 and PM2.5 were basically the same,and the concentration changes showed a "U" type distribution.There were obvious seasonal characteristics of PM10 and PM2.5 concentration in Zhengzhou City.The atmospheric particulate matter was highest in winter,the second in spring and autumn,and lowest in summer.Meteorological factors such as temperature,atmospheric pressure,wind speed,relative humidity and precipitation were chosen, and their individual effect on concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were investigated by using Spearman rank correlation analysis.The results of correlation analysis showed that the main meteorological factors affecting concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were different in different seasons.In general,wind speed,relative humidity and precipitation were the main meteorological factors affecting the mass concentration of atmospheric particles in Zhengzhou City.