状态感恩的激发过程、影响效应及边界条件研究

Antecedent, Influence and Boundary Conditions of State Gratitude

基于情感事件理论以及情绪认知评价理论,借助日志研究法问卷调研及数据分析,对状态感恩的激发过程、影响效应及边界条件进行了研究。研究结果表明,员工每日感知上级信任对员工每日状态感恩有正向影响;员工每日的状态感恩对员工每日的工作投入存在正向影响;状态感恩在感知上级信任与工作投入的关系中起到中介作用;互惠谨慎性调节了当天状态感恩对感知上级信任与工作投入关系的中介作用;工作负荷能够调节当天状态感恩对感知上级信任与工作投入关系的中介作用。研究结果进一步证实,状态感恩作为一种区别于特质感恩、由环境因素或事件以及个体对事件进行归因所激发的持续时间较为短暂的积极情绪,更是一种普遍存在但常常被忽略的事实和现象,感恩具有基于时间维度的波动性特征。

Based on Affective Events Theory and Cognitive Appraisal Theory of Emotion, and with the daily dairy questionnaire survey and data analysis in seven consecutive working days, the excitation process, effects and boundary conditions of state gratitude have been investigated in this study. This study shows that employees’ feeling of being trusted from supervisors can stimulate employees’ state gratitude, and state gratitude further enhances employees’ work engagement. State gratitude mediates the positive effect of feeling trusted on work engagement. Reciprocal awareness and workload moderate the mediating effect of state gratitude on feeling trusted and work engagement. The study further confirms that state gratitude, different from trait gratitude, is a ubiquitous but often overlooked temporal positive emotion caused by environmental factors,events, or the individual’s attribution to such events. And the state gratitude has fluctuation characteristics over time. The results of the study contribute to the answers to the question based on the fluctuations over time that gratitude is fleeting and why gratitude isso short lived, and also make it clear for organizations that what events and circumstances can motivate employees to be more grateful and engage more in their jobs.