6Alderson, J. C. & D. Wall. 1993. Does washback exist? [J].Applied Linguistics 14: 115-129.
7Bachman, L. F. & A. S. Palmer. 1996. Language Testing in Practice [M]. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
8Cheng, L., Y. Watanabe & A. Curtis. 2004. Washback in Language Testing: Research Contents and Methods [M]. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
9Hughes, A. 1989. Testing for Language Teachers [M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
10Wall, D. 1997. Impact and washback in language testing EA]. In D. Corson (Series Ed.) & C, Clapham (Volume Ed.). Language Testing and Assessment: Encyclopedia of Language in Education, Volume 7 [C]. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic, 291-302.
